Compositions and methods for delayed crosslinking in hydraulic fracturing fluids
Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for delaying crosslinking of aqueous crosslinkable polymers such as polysaccharides in injectable compositions for hydraulic fracturing and related applications. The compositions and methods provide delayed crosslinking at high temperatures and pressures, such as those encountered by hydraulic fracturing compositions injected into subterranean environments. Compositions include injectable solutions comprising a competing agent that is a reaction product of a dialdehyde having 2 to 4 carbon atoms with a non-polymeric cis-hydroxyl compound. Provided are methods of making and using delayed-crosslinking compositions comprising crosslinker compositions containing zirconium complexes and the competing agents.
1. A delayed-crosslinking composition made by the steps consisting essentially of:
(a) combining in water and reacting in a 1:1 molar ratio glyoxal with a C3 to C7 sugar alcohol selected from erythritol, threitol, pentaerythritol, arabitol, xylitol, ribitol, mannitol, sorbitol, galactitol, fucitol, iditol, inositol, volemitol, glycerol, and any combination thereof to form a competing agent solution;
(b) optionally adjusting the pH of the combination of the dialdehyde and the non-polymeric cis-hydroxyl compound to about 6.0 to about 6.5;
(c) combining an alkanolamine with a zirconium (IV) compound in the presence of a C1 to C7 alcohol to form a crosslinker composition; and
(d) combining the competing agent solution and the crosslinker composition to form the delayed-crosslinking composition.
2. The delayed crosslinking composition of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of the zirconium (IV) compound to the alkanolamine is between 1:5 and 1:10.
3. The delayed crosslinking composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkanolamine is triethanolamine.
4. The injectable solution of claim 1 , wherein the zirconium (IV) compound is zirconium tetra(n-propoxide).
5. The delayed crosslinking composition of claim 1 , wherein the C3 to C7 sugar alcohol is sorbitol.
6. The delayed crosslinking composition of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinker composition is maintained at a temperature from about 35° C. to about 40° C. for 90 to 150 minutes before the combining the competing agent solution and the crosslinker composition.
7. The delayed crosslinking composition of claim 1 , wherein the C1-C7 alcohol is n-propanol.
8. An injectable composition comprising:
the delayed-crosslinking composition of claim 1 ;
a polysaccharide;
a proppant; and
a water source selected from the group consisting of produced water, tap water, groundwater, surface water, seawater, wastewater, and any combination thereof.
9. The delayed crosslinking composition of claim 1 , wherein an aqueous solution of the C3-C7 sugar alcohol is combined with the glyoxal.
10. A delayed crosslinking composition consisting essentially of:
a competing agent solution consisting essentially of water and a reaction product of a 1:1 molar ratio of glyoxal with a C3 to C7 sugar alcohol selected from erythritol, threitol, pentaerythritol, arabitol, xylitol, ribitol, mannitol, sorbitol, galactitol, fucitol, iditol, inositol, volemitol, glycerol, and any combination thereof; and
a crosslinker composition consisting essentially of a solvent and a reaction product of an alkanolamine with a zirconium (IV) compound.
11. The delayed crosslinking composition of claim 10 , wherein the C3 to C7 sugar alcohol is sorbitol, the zirconium (IV) compound is zirconium tetra(n-propoxide), the solvent is a C1-C7 alcohol, and the alkanolamine is triethanolamine.
12. An injectable composition comprising:
the delayed-crosslinking composition of claim 10 ;
a polysaccharide;
a proppant; and
a water source selected from the group consisting of produced water, tap water, groundwater, surface water, seawater, wastewater, and any combination thereof.