2D/3D holographic display system
The disclosure provides a display system and a method for displaying a virtual image to a viewer An optical system of the disclosure includes a spatial light modulator, a light source, a Fourier transform lens, a viewing system and a processing system. The spatial light modulator is arranged to display holographic data in the Fourier domain, illuminated by the light source. The Fourier transform lens is arranged to produce a 2D holographic reconstruction in the spatial domain corresponding to the holographic data. The viewing system is arranged to produce a virtual image of the 2D holographic reconstruction. The processing system is arranged to combine the Fourier domain data representative of a 2D image with Fourier domain data representative of a phase only lens to produce first holographic data, and provide the first holographic data to the optical system to produce a virtual image.
1. A method for displaying a virtual image to a viewer, the method comprising:
displaying first holographic-domain data representative of a first two-dimensional (2D) image and first holographic-domain lensing data representative of a first optical power on a phase-modulating spatial light modulator;
producing, as a real image in space spatially remote from the viewer, a first 2D holographic reconstruction image, by modulating light from a light source with the spatial light modulator and performing a holographic transform on the light; and
displaying a first virtual image of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image using an optical viewing system.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein producing the first 2D holographic reconstruction image includes illuminating the spatial light modulator with the light to produce first spatially modulated light, then performing a holographic transform of the first modulated light.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising, after performing the holographic transform, spatially filtering the light to selectively block at least one diffraction order of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
after displaying the first holographic-domain data representative of the first two-dimensional image and the first holographic-domain lensing data on the phase-modulating spatial light modulator, displaying second holographic-domain data representative of a second two-dimensional image and second holographic-domain lensing data representative of a second optical power different to the first optical power on the phase-modulating spatial light modulator;
producing, as a real image in space spatially remote from the viewer, a second 2D holographic reconstruction image of the second 2D image, by modulating the light with the spatial light modulator and performing a holographic transform on the light; and
displaying a second virtual image of the second 2D holographic reconstruction image using the optical viewing system, wherein the first and second virtual images are spatially displaced relative to each other to form replay fields at different distances from a viewer.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein producing the second 2D holographic reconstruction image includes illuminating the spatial light modulator with the light to produce second spatially modulated light, then performing a holographic transform of the second modulated light.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising, after performing the holographic transform, spatially filtering the light to selectively block at least one diffraction order of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical viewing system comprises an imaging lens having a focal length, the lens being disposed at a distance less than the focal length from the position of the real image in space, and wherein the displaying the first virtual image of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image comprises imaging the real image with the imaging lens.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first virtual image of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image is displayed on a heads-up display.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the replay fields are spatially remote from the viewer.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selectively blocking at least one diffraction order of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selectively blocking a zeroth undiffracted order of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spatial light modulator comprises an array of pixelated diffractive elements.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the spatial light modulator is a phase-only spatial light modulator.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first lensing data is representative of a negative optical power.
15. A display system for displaying a virtual image of a first two-dimensional (2D) image to a viewer, the display system comprising
a holography system configured to produce a first 2D holographic reconstruction image of the first 2D image, the holography system comprising:
a processing system configured to provide first holographic-domain data representative of the first 2D image and to provide first holographic-domain lensing data representative of a first optical power;
a phase-modulating spatial light modulator configured to receive and display the first holographic-domain data representative of the first 2D image and the holographic-domain lensing data;
a light source configured to illuminate the spatial light modulator,
the holography system being configured to modulate the light with the spatial light modulator and to perform a holographic transform on the light to produce the first 2D holographic reconstruction image; and
an optical viewing system configured to display a first virtual image of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image to the viewer.
16. The display system of claim 15 , wherein the light source is configured to illuminate the spatial light modulator to produce a first spatially modulated light, and wherein the holography system further includes a holographic transform lens configured to perform a holographic transform of the first modulated light.
17. The display system of claim 15 , wherein the optical viewing system further comprises a spatial filter configured to selectively block at least one diffraction order of the first 2D holographic reconstruction image.
18. The display system of claim 15 , wherein the optical viewing system comprises an imaging lens having a focal length, the lens being disposed at a distance less than the focal length from the position of the real image in space, and wherein the imaging lens is configured to image the real image to form the virtual image.
19. The display system of claim 15 , wherein the first phase only lens has a negative optical power.
20. The display system of claim 15 , wherein the spatial light modulator is a phase-only spatial light modulator.
21. The display system of claim 15 , wherein
the processing system is further configured to provide second holographic-domain data representative of a second 2D image and to provide second holographic-domain lensing data representative of a second optical power different to the first optical power;
the phase-modulating spatial light modulator is further configured to, after receiving and displaying the first holographic-domain data representative of the first 2D image and the first holographic-domain lensing data, receive and display the second holographic-domain data representative of the second 2D image and the second holographic-domain lensing data; and
the optical viewing system is further configured to, after displaying the first virtual image of the first 2D holographic reconstruction, display a second virtual image of the second 2D holographic reconstruction image to the viewer, the first virtual image and the second virtual image being displayed at different virtual distances from the viewer.
22. The display system of claim 21 , wherein the first and second virtual images are sequential frames of a 2D video stream, but appear to a viewer to be simultaneously present.
23. The display system of claim 15 , wherein the first holographic-domain data representative of the first 2D image is Fourier-domain data representative of the first 2D image; the first holographic-domain lensing data representative of the first optical power is Fourier-domain lensing data representative of the first optical power; and the holographic transform is a Fourier transform.
24. The display system of claim 15 , wherein the system is configured to perform the holographic transform on the light using the first holographic-domain lensing data displayed on the phase-modulating spatial light modulator.
25. The display system of claim 15 , configured as a head-up display.
26. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first holographic-domain data representative of the first 2D image is Fourier-domain data representative of the first 2D image; the first holographic-domain lensing data representative of the first optical power is Fourier-domain lensing data representative of the first optical power; and the holographic transform is a Fourier transform.
27. The method system of claim 1 , wherein the holographic transform is performed by the first holographic-domain lensing data displayed on the phase-modulating spatial light modulator.