Preparation of certain substituted [((6bR,10aS)-2,3,6b,7,8,9,10,10a-octahydro-1H-pyrido[3′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]quinoxalines and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof
The present invention provides methods for the preparation of substituted heterocycle fused gamma-carbolines of Formula 2F, as shown below, intermediates useful in producing them and methods for producing such intermediates and such heterocycle fused gamma-carbolines, such methods comprising the preparation of a Compound of Formula 2F, as shown below and as further defined herein:
1. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 2F:
or an acid addition salt thereof,
wherein:
k is 1;
m is 1;
n is 1;
B is benzyl or triphenylmethyl; or
B is a moiety of the formula:
P is —C(O)—, —C(O)O— or —S(O) 2 —;
Z is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 alkylaryl or —OR;
R is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1-6 alkyl or heteroarylC 1-6 alkyl;
R 5 is H;
R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently H;
—X—Y— is —(R')N—C(O)—; and
R' is H;
comprising the steps of:
A) reacting a compound of Formula 2E:
wherein:
k is 1;
m is 1;
n is 1;
A is Cl, Br, F or I;
B is benzyl or triphenylmethyl; or
B is a moiety of the formula:
P is —C(O)—, —C(O)O— or —S(O) 2 —;
Z is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 alkylaryl or —OR;
R is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1-6 alkyl or heteroarylC 1-6 alkyl;
R 5 is H;
R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently H;
—X—Y— is —H(R')N—C(O)—; and
R' is H;
with:
(a) a transition metal catalyst selected from a group consisting of palladium, copper, nickel, platinum, ruthenium and rhodium;
(b) a base; and
(c) a monodentate or bidentate phenolic or amine ligand selected from the group consisting of aryl alcohol, 1,2-aminoalcohol, imidazolium carbene, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 5-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline and 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline;
to give the compound of Formula 2F as defined above; and
B) optionally reacting the compound of Formula 2F as defined above with an acid to give an acid addition salt of the compound of Formula 2F as defined above.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the transition metal catalyst is selected from a group consisting of palladium, copper and nickel.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the transition metal catalyst is a copper catalyst.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the copper catalyst is selected from a group consisting of Cu, CuI, CuCl, Cu 2 Cl 2 , CuBr, CuBr 2 , Cu 2 O and Cu(II) acetate.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the copper catalyst is CuI.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the monodentate or bidentate ligand is an amine ligand.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the monodentate or bidentate ligand is an amine ligand selected from a group consisting of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 5-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline and 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline.
8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the monodentate or bidentate ligand is an amine ligand selected from a group consisting of N,N′-dimethyl-1,2-diaminoethane and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the monodentate or bidentate ligand is 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the base is selected from a group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate and potassium phosphate.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the base is potassium carbonate.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein B is selected from a group consisting of benzyl, triphenylmethyl, —C(O)O—C 1-6 alkyl, —C(O)O—CH 2 -aryl, —C(O)-phenyl, —S(O) 2 -ar-1-yl and —S(O) 2 -tolyl.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein B is —C(O)O—C 1-6 alkyl.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein B is —C(O)O—CH 2 CH 3 .
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
(i) the transition metal catalyst is selected from a group consisting of Cu, CuI, CuCl, Cu 2 Cl 2 , CuBr,
CuBr 2 , Cu 2 O and Cu(II) acetate;
(ii) the monodentate or bidentate ligand is an amine ligand; and
(iii) B is —C(O)O—CH 2 CH 3 .
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the transition metal catalyst is selected from a group consisting of CuI, CuCl and CuBr.
17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the transition metal catalyst is CuI.
18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the monodentate or bidentate ligand is an amine ligand selected from a group consisting of N,N′-dimethyl-1,2-diaminoethane and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene.
19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the monodentate or bidentate ligand is 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene.
20. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the base is selected from a group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate and potassium phosphate.
21. The method according to claim 20 , wherein the base is potassium carbonate.
22. The method according to claim 15 , wherein:
(i) the transition metal catalyst is selected from a group consisting of CuI, CuCl and CuBr; and
(ii) the monodentate or bidentate ligand is an amine ligand selected from a group consisting of N,N′-dimethyl-1,2-diaminoethane and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene.
23. The method according to claim 22 , wherein:
(i) the transition metal catalyst is CuI; and
(ii) the monodentate or bidentate ligand is 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene.
24. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
(i) the transition metal catalyst is CuI;
(ii) the monodentate or bidentate ligand is 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene; and
(iii) B is —C(O)O—CH 2 CH 3 .
25. The method according to claim 24 , wherein the base is potassium carbonate.
26. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 2F:
or an acid addition salt thereof,
wherein:
k is 1;
m is 1;
n is 1;
B is benzyl or triphenylmethyl; or
B is a moiety of the formula:
P is —C(O)—, —C(O)O— or —S(O) 2 —;
Z is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 alkylaryl or —OR;
R is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1-6 alkyl or heteroarylC 1-6 alkyl;
R 5 is H;
R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently H;
—X—Y— is —(R')N—C(O)—; and
R' is H;
comprising the steps of:
A) reacting a compound of Formula 2D:
wherein:
k is 1;
m is 1;
A is Cl, Br, F or I;
B is benzyl or triphenylmethyl; or
B is a moiety of the formula:
P is —C(O)—, —C(O)O— or —S(O) 2 —;
Z is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 alkylaryl or —OR;
R is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1-6 alkyl or heteroarylC 1-6 alkyl;
R 5 is H; and
R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently H;
with:
(a) a nucleophilic alkyl halide having the formula:
wherein:
n is 1;
A is Cl, Br, F or I;
X—Y— is —H(R′)N—C(O)—; and
R′ is H; and
(b) a base;
to give a compound of Formula 2E:
wherein:
k is 1;
m is 1;
n is 1;
A is Cl, Br, F or I;
B is benzyl or triphenylmethyl; or
B is a moiety of the formula:
P is —C(O)—, —C(O)O— or —S(O) 2 —;
Z is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, C 1-6 alkylaryl or —OR;
R is C 1-6 alkyl, aryl, arylC 1-6 alkyl or heteroarylC 1-6 alkyl;
R 5 is H;
R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently H;
—X—Y— is —H(R′)N—C(O)—; and
R′ is H;
B) reacting the compound of Formula 2E above with:
(a) a transition metal catalyst selected from a group consisting of palladium, copper, nickel, platinum, ruthenium and rhodium;
(b) a base; and
(c) a monodentate or bidentate phenolic or amine ligand selected from the group consisting of aryl alcohol, 1,2-aminoalcohol, imidazolium carbene, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 5-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline and 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline;
to give the compound of Formula 2F as defined above; and
C) optionally reacting the compound of Formula 2F as defined above with an acid to give an acid addition salt of the compound of Formula 2F as defined above.
27. The method according to claim 26 , wherein, in step A), the nucleophilic alkyl halide is 2-chloroacetamide and the base is diisopropylethylamine.
28. The method according to claim 27 , wherein step A) further comprises the use of potassium iodide.
29. The method according to claim 26 , wherein B is —C(O)O—CH 2 CH 3 .