Crafting of cartilage
A shaped cartilage matrix isolated from a human or animal where the cartilage has been crafted to facilitate disinfection, cleaning, devitalization, recellularization, and/or integration after implantation. Also, a process for repairing a cartilage defect with the cartilage matrix. The matrix is in the form of an osteochondral plug including a cartilage cap ad subchondral bone, wherein one or more gaps, slats, bores, or channels extend through the tidemark at the interface between the cartilage cap and the subchondral bone.
1. A shaped cartilage matrix isolated from a human or animal, comprising cartilage which is crafted to facilitate disinfection, cleaning, and integration after implantation; and wherein said cartilage matrix is isolated from whole condyles, whole plateaus, hemicondyles, hemiplateaus, femoral heads, phalanges, talus, tibia, fibula, rib, intervertebral discs, menisci, nose, or ear,
wherein said cartilage matrix is in the form of an osteochondral plug;
wherein said osteochondral plug comprises a cartilage cap and a subchondral bone portion contacting said cartilage cap with a tidemark at an interface between the cartilage cap and subchondral bone portion, said cartilage cap having a superficial surface;
wherein said osteochondral plug has a straight cylindrical shape, a step cylindrical shape, or a dumbbell shape;
wherein the subchondral bone portion of said osteochondral plug comprises one or more of gaps, bores, slots, or channels extending through the tidemark into the cartilage cap but not penetrating the superficial surface of the cartilage cap; and
wherein the one or more of the gaps, bores, slots, or channels facilitate disinfection, cleaning, and integration after implantation.
2. The cartilage matrix of claim 1 , wherein said osteochondral plug is crafted to have one or multiple gap(s).
3. The cartilage matrix of claim 1 , wherein the subchondral bone portion has a bottom, and wherein said osteochondral plug is drilled and/or milled from the bottom of the subchondral bone portion to form one or more channels.
4. The cartilage matrix of claim 1 , wherein the subchondral bone portion has a cylindrical surface, and wherein said osteochondral plug is drilled and/or milled on the cylindrical surface of the subchondral bone portion at the cartilage and subchondral bone interface to form one or more through channels.
5. The cartilage matrix of claim 1 , wherein the subchondral bone portion has a cylindrical surface, and wherein said osteochondral plug is drilled and/or milled on the cylindrical surface of the subchondral bone portion at the cartilage and subchondral bone interface to form one or more slots.
6. The cartilage matrix of claim 1 , wherein said cartilage cap has a circumferential surface and the circumferential surface area of said cartilage cap on said osteochondral plug is modified to facilitate the integration of graft tissue to a recipient tissue.
7. The cartilage matrix claim 6 , wherein said cartilage cap is crafted to increase the circumferential surface area by spraying or blasting microparticles or embossing with a straight or non-straight line pattern or cross-line pattern onto the circumferential surface.
8. The cartilage matrix of claim 1 , wherein said cartilage cap has a circumferential surface and wherein the circumferential surface and/or the superficial surface of said cartilage cap on said osteochondral plug is microperforated to facilitate disinfection, cleaning, devitalization, and/or recellularization in vivo, in situ, or in vitro, and the integration of graft tissue to a recipient tissue.
9. A process for repairing a cartilage defect and implanting an osteochondreal plug into a human or animal, comprising a. crafting the cartilage matrix of claim 1 into an osteochondreal plug; b. disinfecting and cleaning said osteochondreal plug; c. applying a pretreatment solution to said osteochondreal plug; d. removing cellular debris using an extracting solution to produce a devitalized osteochondreal plug; e. implanting said osteochondreal plug into said cartilage defect with or without an insertion device; and f. sealing the implanted osteochondreal plug to recipient tissue; wherein said devitalized osteochondreal plug is optionally recellularized with viable cells to render said tissue vital before or after said implanting; wherein said optional recellularizing devitalized osteochondreal plug is carded out in vitro, in vivo, or in situ; and wherein said devitalized osteochondreal plug is optionally stored between removing cellular debris and recellularizing steps.
10. The process of claim 2 , wherein said cartilage matrix is isolated to repair hyaline cartilage defects, elastic cartilage defects, or fibrocartilage defects.