Antenna design for active load modulation in a near field communication transponder device
A near field communications (NFC) transponder includes a transmit circuit coupled to a transmit antenna and a receive circuit coupled to a receive antenna. The transmit/receive antennae are configured such that no signal is induced on the receive antenna by operation of the transmit antenna. Advantageously, this permits continued reception by the receive antenna while the transmit antenna is used for transmission using active load modulation.
1. A near field communications (NFC) transponder, comprising:
a transmit circuit having a first output and a second output;
a receive circuit having a first input and a second input;
a near field transmit only antenna having a first antenna segment coupled between the first and second outputs of the transmit circuit and a ground node and a second antenna segment coupled between the first and second outputs of the transmit circuit and the ground node; and
a near field receive only antenna having a first antenna terminal coupled to the first input of the receive circuit and a second antenna terminal coupled to the second input of the receive circuit;
wherein the first antenna segment carries a first current producing a first magnetic field and the second antenna segment carries a second current producing a second magnetic field;
wherein the first antenna segment of the near field transmit only antenna extends parallel to a first portion of the near field receive only antenna and wherein the second antenna segment of the near field transmit only antenna extends parallel to a second portion of the near field receive only antenna, the first and second magnetic fields canceling each other so as to not induce a signal on the near field receive only antenna.
2. The NFC transponder of claim 1 , wherein the first and second antenna segments for the near field transmit only antenna are formed in a first plane and wherein the near field receive only antenna is formed in a second plane.
3. The NFC transponder of claim 2 , wherein the first and second planes are parallel planes.
4. The NFC transponder of claim 2 , wherein the first and second planes are coplanar planes.
5. The NFC transponder of claim 1 , wherein the first and second outputs of the transmit circuit are directly electrically connected to each other and directly electrically connected to a first antenna terminal of each of the first and second antenna segments.
6. The NFC transponder of claim 1 , wherein a second antenna terminal of each of the first and second antenna segments is directly electrically connected to the ground node.
7. The NFC transponder of claim 1 , wherein the first and second outputs of the transmit circuit are directly electrically connected to balanced inputs of a balun and an unbalanced output of the balun is directly electrically connected to a first antenna terminal of each of the first and second antenna segments.
8. The NFC transponder of claim 7 , wherein a second antenna terminal of each of the first and second antenna segments is directly electrically connected to the ground node.
9. The NFC transponder of claim 1 , wherein the near field transmit only antenna is formed in a loop that completely surrounds the near field receive only antenna.
10. The NFC transponder of claim 1 , wherein the near field receive only antenna is formed in a loop that completely surrounds the near field transmit only antenna.
11. A near field communications (NFC) transponder, comprising:
a transmit circuit;
a receive circuit having a first input and a second input;
a near field transmit only antenna electrically coupled to an output of the transmit circuit, the near field transmit only antenna having a first antenna segment coupled between the output of the transmit circuit and a ground node and a second antenna segment coupled between the output of the transmit circuit and the ground node;
wherein the first antenna segment carries a first current producing a first magnetic field and the second antenna segment carries a second current producing a second magnetic field; and
a near field receive only antenna loop electrically coupled to an input of the receive circuit;
wherein the first antenna segment of the near field transmit only antenna extends parallel to a first portion of the near field receive only antenna loop and wherein the second antenna segment of the near field transmit only antenna extends parallel to a second portion of the near field receive only antenna loop, the first and second magnetic fields canceling each other so as to not induce a signal on the near field receive only antenna loop.
12. The NFC transponder of claim 11 , wherein the first and second antenna segments for the near field transmit only antenna are formed in a first plane and wherein the near field receive only antenna loop is formed in a second plane.
13. The NFC transponder of claim 12 , wherein the first and second planes are parallel planes.
14. The NFC transponder of claim 12 , wherein the first and second planes are coplanar planes.
15. The NFC transponder of claim 11 , further including a balun coupled between the output of the transmit circuit and the near field transmit only antenna.
16. The NFC transponder of claim 11 , wherein the near field transmit only antenna is formed in a loop that completely surrounds the near field receive only antenna loop.
17. The NFC transponder of claim 11 , wherein the near field receive only antenna loop completely surrounds the near field transmit only antenna.
18. A near field communications (NFC) transponder, comprising:
a transmit circuit having a first output and a second output;
a receive circuit having a first input and a second input;
a near field transmit only antenna having a first antenna segment coupled in series with a second antenna segment between the first and second outputs of the transmit circuit;
wherein the first antenna segment carries a first current producing a first magnetic field and the second antenna segment carries a second current producing a second magnetic field; and
a near field receive only antenna having a first antenna terminal coupled to the first input of the receive circuit and a second antenna terminal coupled to the second input of the receive circuit;
wherein the first antenna segment of the near field transmit only antenna extends parallel to a first portion of the near field receive only antenna and wherein the second antenna segment of the near field transmit only antenna extends parallel to a second portion of the near field receive only antenna, the first and second magnetic fields canceling each other so as to not induce a signal on the near field receive only antenna.
19. The NFC transponder of claim 18 ,
wherein the first and second antenna segments for the near field transmit only antenna are formed in a first plane and wherein the near field receive only antenna is formed in a second plane, and
wherein the first and second planes are perpendicular planes.