Interdigitated back contact metal-insulator-semiconductor solar cell with printed oxide tunnel junctions
Screen-printable metallization pastes for forming thin oxide tunnel junctions on the back-side surface of solar cells are disclosed. Interdigitated metal contacts can be deposited on the oxide tunnel junctions to provide all-back metal contact to a solar cell.
1. A solar cell comprising:
a back surface comprising a first region and a second region;
a positively-charged silicon oxide layer overlying the first region;
a negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer overlying the second region;
a positive electrode grid overlying the positively-charged silicon oxide layer; and
a negative electrode grid overlying the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer.
2. The solar cell of claim 1 ,
wherein the positively-charged silicon oxide layer and the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer are interdigitated; and
wherein the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid are interdigitated.
3. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein each of the positively-charged silicon oxide layer and the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer are characterized by a thickness from 1 Å to 45 Å.
4. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise copper particles, copper alloy particles, silver particles, silver alloy particles, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
5. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise amorphous metal glass.
6. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein the back surface comprises a back surface of a N-type silicon solar cell.
7. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein the back surface comprises a back surface of a P-type silicon solar cell.
8. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise silver particles, silver alloy particles, silver coated with a metallic glass, a silver alloy coated with a metallic glass, copper particles, copper alloy particles, copper coated with a metallic glass, a copper alloy coated with a metallic glass, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
9. The solar cell of claim 1 ,
wherein each of the positively-charged silicon oxide layer and the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer are characterized by a thickness from 1 Å to 45 Å.
10. The solar cell of claim 9 , wherein,
the positively-charged silicon oxide layer and the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer are interdigitated; and
the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid are interdigitated.
11. The solar cell of claim 9 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise copper particles, copper alloy particles, silver particles, silver alloy particles, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
12. The solar cell of claim 9 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise amorphous metal glass.
13. The solar cell of claim 9 , wherein the back surface comprises a back surface of a N-type silicon solar cell.
14. The solar cell of claim 9 , wherein the back surface comprises a back surface of a P-type silicon solar cell.
15. The solar cell of claim 9 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise silver particles, silver alloy particles, silver coated with a metallic glass, a silver alloy coated with a metallic glass, copper particles, copper alloy particles, copper coated with a metallic glass, a copper alloy coated with a metallic glass, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
16. The solar cell of claim 1 ,
wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise copper particles, copper alloy particles, silver particles, silver alloy particles, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
17. The solar cell of claim 16 , wherein,
the positively-charged silicon oxide layer and the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer are interdigitated; and
the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid are interdigitated.
18. The solar cell of claim 16 , wherein each of the positively-charged silicon oxide layer and the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer are characterized by a thickness from 1 Å to 45 Å.
19. The solar cell of claim 16 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise amorphous metal glass.
20. The solar cell of claim 16 , wherein the back surface comprises a back surface of a N-type silicon solar cell.
21. The solar cell of claim 16 , wherein the back surface comprises a back surface of a P-type silicon solar cell.
22. The solar cell of claim 16 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise silver particles, silver alloy particles, silver coated with a metallic glass, a silver alloy coated with a metallic glass, copper particles, copper alloy particles, copper coated with a metallic glass, a copper alloy coated with a metallic glass, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
23. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise amorphous metal glass.
24. The solar cell of claim 23 , wherein,
the positively-charged silicon oxide layer and the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer are interdigitated; and
the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid are interdigitated.
25. The solar cell of claim 23 , wherein each of the positively-charged silicon oxide layer and the negatively-charged aluminum oxide layer are characterized by a thickness from 1 Å to 45 Å.
26. The solar cell of claim 23 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise copper particles, copper alloy particles, silver particles, silver alloy particles, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
27. The solar cell of claim 23 , wherein the back surface comprises a back surface of a N-type silicon solar cell.
28. The solar cell of claim 23 , wherein the back surface comprises a back surface of a P-type silicon solar cell.
29. The solar cell of claim 23 , wherein each of the positive electrode grid and the negative electrode grid comprise silver particles, silver alloy particles, silver coated with a metallic glass, a silver alloy coated with a metallic glass, copper particles, copper alloy particles, copper coated with a metallic glass, a copper alloy coated with a metallic glass, or a combination of any of the foregoing.