Propellant and self-protection compositions
Disclosed is a pepper spray composition comprising: (a) a chemical irritant; (b) a propellant, wherein the propellant comprises transHFO-1234ze; (c) a solvent, wherein said solvent comprises transHFO-1233zd; and (d) a non-ionic surfactant and/or an ionic surfactant.
1. A pepper spray composition comprising:
(a) from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a chemical irritant comprising as an active component a pepper-based extract;
(b) from about 10% to about 80% by weight of a propellant, wherein the propellant comprises at least about 70% by weight of transHFO-1234ze;
(c) at least about 5 percent of a solvent, wherein said solvent comprises transHFO-1233zd; and
(d) from about 10% to about 50% by of a non-ionic surfactant, wherein said % by weight of said (a), (b) (c) and (d) are based on the total weight of said components (a)-(d) in the pepper spray composition.
2. The pepper spray composition of claim 1 wherein said solvent consists essentially of transHFO-1233zd.
3. The pepper spray composition of claim 2 , wherein the solvent consists of transHFO-1233zd.
4. The pepper spray composition of claim 1 , wherein the pepper-based extract is oleoresin capsicum.
5. The pepper spray composition of claim 1 , wherein the propellant comprises at least about 80% by weight of trans-HFO 1234ze.
6. The pepper spray composition of claim 1 , wherein the propellant comprises at least about 90% by weight of trans-HFO 1234ze.
7. The pepper spray composition of claim 1 , wherein the propellant comprises at least about 99% by weight of trans-HFO 1234ze.
8. The pepper spray composition of claim 1 , wherein said non-ionic surfactant is a polyether.
9. The pepper spray composition of claim 8 , wherein the polyether is polypropylene glycol.
10. The pepper spray composition of claim 9 further comprising an ionic surfactant and wherein said ionic surfactant is a hydrotrop.
11. The pepper spray composition of claim 10 , wherein the ionic surfactant is sodium xylene sulfonate.
12. A pepper spray composition comprising:
(a) from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a chemical irritant comprising as an active component a pepper-based extract;
(b) from about 10% to about 80% by weight of a propellant, wherein the propellant comprises at least about 70% by weight of transHFO-1234ze;
(c) at least about 5 percent of a solvent, wherein said solvent comprises transHFO-1233zd; and
(d) from about 10% to about 50% by of an ionic surfactant, wherein said % by weight of said (a), (b) (c) and (d) are based on the total weight of said components (a)-(d) in the pepper spray composition.
13. The pepper spray composition of claim 12 wherein said solvent consists essentially of transHFO-1233zd.
14. The pepper spray composition of claim 12 , wherein the solvent consists of transHFO-1233zd.
15. The pepper spray composition of claim 12 , wherein the pepper-based extract is oleoresin capsicum.
16. The pepper spray composition of claim 15 , wherein the propellant comprises at least about 80% by weight of trans-HFO 1234ze.
17. The pepper spray composition of claim 15 , wherein the propellant comprises at least about 90% by weight of trans-HFO 1234ze.
18. The pepper spray composition of claim 15 , wherein the propellant comprises at least about 99% by weight of trans-HFO 1234ze.
19. The pepper spray composition of claim 11 , wherein said ionic surfactant is a hydrotrop.
20. The pepper spray composition of claim 19 further comprising a non-ionic surfactant.
21. The pepper spray composition of claim 19 , wherein the ionic surfactant is sodium xylene sulfonate.
22. A pepper spray composition comprising:
(a) oleoresin capsicum;
(b) a propellant, wherein the propellant comprises trans HFO-1234ze;
(c) polypropylene glycol;
(d) a hydrotrop; and
(e) a solvent, wherein the solvent comprises trans-1233zd.
23. The pepper spray composition of claim 22 , wherein the polypropylene glycol comprises polypropylene glycol 400; and the hydrotrop is sodium xylene sulfonate.