Hybrid aircraft with transversely oriented engine
A propulsion system for an aircraft includes an engine (e.g., piston engine, or turbine) having an axis made to be nonparallel with the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. This is enabled using an electrical, hydraulic, or other system to transfer energy generated by the engine (e.g., via electrical wiring, fluid conduits, etc.) to remotely power a motor used to drive a thrust-creating device (e.g., propeller or ducted fan). That the engine is able to be freely oriented allows for it being positioned without regard to any mechanical restraints existing in conventional arrangements.
1. A system for an aircraft, the aircraft having a roll axis, a seating area in a cabin area of the fuselage having first and second laterally-extending wings, a first thrust-creating device on one side of the aircraft, the first thrust-creating device having a first rotational axis, a second thrust-creating device located on another side of the aircraft, the second thrust-creating device having a second rotational axis, the first and second thrust-creating devices together configured to propel the aircraft, and a fuel-consuming engine located at or in front of the cabin area of the fuselage, the engine creating rotation into an engine shaft, the system comprising:
an energy-conversion device located in the fuselage, the energy-conversion device configured to receive a rotating shaft from the engine located at or in front of the cabin area of the fuselage, the energy-conversion device then creating a transmittable form of converted energy;
an electronics system configured to receive the converted energy and split the converted energy between both a first motor and a second motor;
the first motor configured to rotate the first thrust-creating device in a first axis of rotation using the form of converted energy, the first motor being substantially axially aligned with the first axis of rotation;
the second motor configured to rotate the second thrust-creating device in a second axis of rotation using the form of converted energy, the second motor being substantially axially aligned with the second axis of rotation; and
an axis of the engine shaft being nonparallel relative to the first rotational axis of the first thrust-creating device and the second rotational axis of the second thrust-creating device.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the energy-conversion device is a generator, and the form of converted energy is electrical power.
3. The system of claim 2 wherein the generator is one of a: (i) Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) generator; (ii) a Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Machine (HESM) generator; (iii) a Field Excited Synchronous Generator (FESG); and, (iv) an Induction Generator (IG).
4. The system of claim 2 wherein the engine and the energy-conversion device are located in the fuselage, and the axis of the energy-conversion device is in line with the shaft from the engine thus also being non-parallel relative to the first rotational axis of the first thrust-creating device and the second rotational axis of the second thrust-creating device.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein the engine and the energy-conversion device are located behind the seating area.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein the engine and the energy-conversion device are located in front of the seating area.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein one of the engine and the energy-conversion device is located in a space defined at least partially underneath at least one seat in the seating area.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein the first and second motors are hydraulic motors which power the first and second thrust-creating devices and the converted energy is a driven fluid.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein the first and second thrust-creating devices are located in symmetrically opposite positions spaced apart from the fuselage on each side of the aircraft.
10. The system of claim 9 wherein the engine shaft is substantially normal to both the first rotational axis of the first thrust-creating device, and the second rotational axis of the second thrust-creating device.
11. The system of claim 10 wherein the engine shaft is substantially displaced relative to, and completely mechanically disconnected from each of the first and second thrust-creating devices.
12. The system of claim 11 wherein at least one of the first and second thrust-creating devices are mounted onto a wing of the aircraft on a support.
13. The system of claim 1 wherein the thrust-creating devices are either propellers or a ducted fans.
14. The system of claim 1 wherein the engine shaft and an axis of rotation for the energy-conversion device are in line, and both are transverse to the roll axis of the aircraft.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein the first thrust-creating device rotates on the same axis as does the first motor, and the second thrust-creating device rotates on the same axis as the second motor.
16. A system for an aircraft, the aircraft having a roll axis, the system comprising:
a fuel-consuming engine located at or in front of a cabin area along the length of the aircraft, the engine configured to rotate an engine shaft;
a generator located in a fuselage of the aircraft, the generator mechanically linked to the engine shaft;
an electrical-delivery circuit configured to receive power output from the generator, store energy in a battery, and deliver the power output to a plurality of remotely-located electrical motors via independent conduits; and
the motors each mechanically connected to thrusters oriented to propel the aircraft, each thruster being substantially displaced from and mechanically independent of the engine shaft, and each thruster being symmetrically spaced apart from and on opposite sides of the fuselage of the aircraft.
17. The system of claim 16 wherein the engine shaft is transverse with respect to an axis of rotation of each of the thrusters.
18. The system of claim 16 comprising:
an exhaust duct configured to expel post combustion products from the engine, the engine being located in a space inside the fuselage, the exhaust duct configured to deliver the products to a location outside the fuselage through an exhaust port formed into an exterior skin of the aircraft.
19. A method of equipping an aircraft for propulsion, the method comprising:
installing an engine into a fuselage of the aircraft at a first location in the aircraft at or in front of the cabin area of the aircraft such that an axle of the engine is substantially transverse relative to a roll axis of the aircraft;
configuring the engine to receive a source of air for use in combustion;
ducting an engine exhaust system to release combusted products outside the aircraft through an aircraft skin;
providing a thrust-creating device at a remote, second location, the thrust creating device establishing a rotational axis;
positioning and installing the thrust-creating device such that the rotational axis is substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the aircraft; and
electrically connecting an energy output of the engine to a motor which is mechanically coupled to the thrust-creating device to power the thrust-creating device, the motor being mechanically disconnected from the engine.
20. The method of claim 19 comprising:
incorporating the engine into a seating arrangement in the cabin of the aircraft.
21. The method of claim 19 comprising:
incorporating the engine into a relatively central location of the aircraft, thus minimizing impact on center of gravity.