Acoustophoresis device with dual acoustophoretic chamber
An acoustophoresis device includes an acoustic chamber with a piezoelectric element located within its volume. The piezoelectric element vibrates and generates acoustic standing waves from both sides, so that particles can be separated from fluid passing through the acoustic chamber. This permits the element to be cooled more efficiently, reducing transient heat loads in the fluid traveling through the device.
1. An acoustophoresis device, comprising:
an acoustic chamber with a fluid path between a first end and a second end different from the first end;
an ultrasonic transducer in the acoustic chamber and aligned with the fluid path such that fluid can flow along two sides of the ultrasonic transducer, such that the ultrasonic transducer is fluid backed, the ultrasonic transducer comprising a piezoelectric element;
wherein the ultrasonic transducer is configured to be excited such that the piezoelectric element vibrates in a higher order mode to generate an acoustic wave on each of the two sides of the ultrasonic transducer to trap and agglomerate particles in the fluid into larger particles that grow to a point where they exit the acoustic wave.
2. The acoustophoresis device of claim 1 , further comprising at least two reflectors, each reflector being opposed to one of the two sides of the ultrasonic transducer.
3. The acoustophoresis device of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasonic transducer further comprises first and second piezoelectric elements aligned with and opposed to each other.
4. The acoustophoresis device of claim 3 , wherein the first and second piezoelectric elements are configured to be excited at the same frequency as, or a different frequency from each other.
5. The acoustophoresis device of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasonic transducer divides the acoustic chamber into equal or unequal portions.
6. The acoustophoresis device of claim 1 , further comprising a contoured nozzle wall between a device inlet and the acoustic chamber.
7. The acoustophoresis device of claim 1 , wherein the fluid path is configured to permit fluid flow through the acoustic chamber in a U-shaped path from a device inlet to a device outlet.
8. The acoustophoresis device of claim 7 , further comprising:
a well that tapers downwards in cross-sectional area from a single inlet to a vertex, and that communicates with the second end of the acoustic chamber; and
a drain line connecting the vertex to a port for recovering material collected in the well.
9. The acoustophoresis device of claim 1 , further comprising another ultrasonic transducer in the acoustic chamber and aligned with the fluid path such that fluid can flow along two sides of the another ultrasonic transducer, the another ultrasonic transducer comprising another piezoelectric element.
10. The acoustophoresis device of claim 1 wherein:
the ultrasonic transducer includes a first face and a second face that are each directly exposed to the fluid path; or
one or more of the first face or the second face of the ultrasonic transducers include a wear layer; or
the ultrasonic transducer is made up of at least two piezoelectric elements, a first piezoelectric element forming the first face and a second piezoelectric element forming the second face.
11. The acoustophoresis device of claim 3 , wherein the first piezoelectric element is configured to be operated at the same higher order mode as, or a different higher order mode from, the second piezoelectric element.