Color display device
The present invention provides a realistic solution for a highlight or multicolor display device which can display high quality color states. More specifically, an electrophoretic fluid is provided which comprises four types of particles, having different levels of size, threshold voltage or charge intensity.
1. A display layer having a first, viewing surface and a second surface on the opposite side of the display layer from the first surface; the display layer further comprising an electrophoretic medium and means for applying an electric field between the first and second surfaces, the electrophoretic medium comprising a fluid and first, second, third and fourth types of particles dispersed in the fluid, the fourth type of particles being additive particles, the first, second and third types of particles having respectively first, second and third optical characteristics differing from one another; the first type of particles having a charge of one polarity and the second, third and fourth types of particles having charges of the opposite polarity, and the second type of particles having an electric field threshold; such that:
(a) application between the first and second surfaces of an electric field stronger than the electric field threshold and a polarity driving the second type of particles towards the viewing surface, will display the second optical characteristic at the viewing surface;
(b) application between the first and second surfaces of an electric field stronger than the electric field threshold and a polarity driving the first type of particles towards the viewing surface, will display the first optical characteristic at the viewing surface; and
(c) once the first optical characteristic is displayed at the viewing surface, application between the first and second surfaces of an electric field weaker than the electric field threshold and having a polarity driving the third type of particles towards the viewing surface, will display the third optical characteristic at the viewing surface.
2. The display layer of claim 1 , wherein the first and second optical characteristics are white and black respectively.
3. The display layer of claim 1 , wherein the third optical characteristic is non-white and non-black.
4. The display layer of claim 3 , wherein the third optical characteristic is selected from the group consisting red, green and blue, magenta, yellow and cyan.
5. The display layer of claim 1 , wherein the third type of particles is larger than the first or the second type of particles.
6. The display layer of claim 5 , wherein the third type of particles is about 2 to about 50 times the size of the first or second type of particles.
7. The display layer of claim 1 , wherein the fourth type of particles is white.
8. The display layer of claim 1 , wherein the electrophoretic medium is filled in display cells.
9. The display layer of claim 8 , wherein the display cells are microcells.
10. The display layer of claim 8 , wherein the display cells are microcapsules.
11. The display layer of claim 8 , wherein the display cells are aligned with the pixel electrodes.
12. The display layer of claim 8 , wherein the display cells are not aligned with the pixel electrodes.
13. The display layer of claim 8 wherein the third type of particles is of the same color in all display cells.
14. The display layer of claim 8 , wherein the third type of particles is of different colors in display cells.
15. The display layer of claim 1 , wherein in step (c), the electric field is applied for not longer than 30 seconds.
16. The display layer of claim 15 , wherein in step (c), the electric field is applied for not longer than 15 seconds.