System and method for detecting a sepsis condition

1. A biosensor for detecting a sepsis condition, comprising:

a photoplethysmography (PPG) circuit configured to:

obtain at least a first spectral response of light reflected from skin tissue of a patient, wherein the light includes a first wavelength in an ultraviolet (UV) range;

obtain at least a second spectral response of light reflected from the skin tissue of the patient; and

a processing circuit configured to:

obtain a value L λ1 using the first spectral response, wherein the value L λ1 isolates the first spectral response due to pulsating blood flow;

obtain a value L λ2 using the second spectral response, wherein the value L λ2 isolates the second spectral response due to pulsating blood flow;

obtain a value R λ1, λ2 from a ratio of the value L λ1 and the value L λ2 , wherein the value R λ1, λ2 is a measurement of nitric oxide (NO); and

compare the value R λ1, λ2 to one or more predetermined thresholds; and

generate an indication of a risk of sepsis based on the comparison.

2. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the biosensor is implemented on a disposable patch.

3. The biosensor of claim 2 , wherein the disposable patch comprises at least one of:

a visible indicator of the risk of sepsis; or

an audible indicator for providing an audible indication of the risk of sepsis.

4. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the PPG circuit is further configured to:

obtain the second spectral response of light reflected from the skin tissue of the patient, wherein the light includes a second wavelength of 660 nm or greater.

5. The biosensor of claim 1 , further comprising:

a memory configured with the one or more predetermined thresholds, wherein at least one of the predetermined thresholds is an R value indicative of a risk of sepsis.

6. The biosensor of claim 5 , wherein the one or more predetermined thresholds include different values depending on a pre-existing condition of the patient.

7. The biosensor of claim 5 , wherein the one or more predetermined thresholds include different values depending on a position of the biosensor or underlying skin tissue characteristics.

8. The biosensor of claim 1 , the processing circuit is further configured to:

obtain a concentration level of NO using the value R λ1, λ2 and a calibration database, wherein the calibration database is used to correlate the value R λ1, λ2 and the concentration level of NO.

9. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the first wavelength has a high absorption coefficient for nitric oxide in blood flow and is in a UV range of approximately 380 nm to 410 nm.

10. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

obtain a concentration level of a plurality of hemoglobin species; and

compensate for the concentration level of the plurality of hemoglobin species to determine the value R λ1, λ2 .

11. The biosensor of claim 10 , wherein the concentration level of the one or more hemoglobin species is determined by:

analyzing spectral responses of a plurality of wavelengths to determine differential absorption signals for each hemoglobin species; and

using a Beer-Lambert matrix equation for determining the concentration levels of the one or more hemoglobin species.

12. The biosensor of claim 1 , further comprising:

a transceiver configured for communicating data to a remote device, wherein the data includes the measurement of NO and the indication of the risk of sepsis.

13. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

obtain a measurement of heart rate and respiration rate using the first spectral response.

14. The biosensor of claim 1 , further comprising:

a temperature sensor configured to measure a skin temperature; and

wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

compare the skin temperature to one or more predetermined thresholds; and

activate a health alert indicator when the skin temperature exceeds the one or more predetermined thresholds.

15. A biosensor configured to monitor one or more health conditions, comprising:

a sensor circuit configured to:

generate at least a first spectral response for light with a first wavelength in an ultraviolet (UV) range reflected from skin tissue of a patient; and

generate at least a second spectral response for light detected around a second wavelength reflected from the skin tissue of the patient; and

a processing circuit configured to:

determine a first mode of operation for monitoring a risk of sepsis;

obtain a measurement of nitric oxide (NO) in pulsating blood flow using the first spectral response and the second spectral response, wherein the measurement of NO is determined by:

obtaining a value L λ1 using the first spectral response, wherein the value L λ1 isolates the first spectral response due to pulsating blood flow;

obtaining a value L λ2 using the second spectral response, wherein the value L λ2 isolates the second spectral response due to pulsating blood flow;

obtaining a value R λ1, λ2 from a ratio of the value L λ1 and the value L λ2 wherein the value R λ1, λ2 is the measurement of NO;

compare the measurement of NO to one or more predetermined thresholds based on the first mode of operation; and

generate an indication of the risk of sepsis based on the comparison.

16. The biosensor of claim 15 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

determine a second mode of operation for determining a diabetic risk indicator;

compare the measurement of NO to one or more predetermined thresholds based on the second mode of operation; and

obtain a base insulin resistance factor that indicates a diabetic risk indicator.

17. The biosensor of claim 15 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

determine a third mode of operation for monitoring a blood glucose concentration level detected from an insulin response; and

obtain the blood glucose concentration level detected from the insulin response using the measurement of NO and a calibration table.

18. The biosensor of claim 15 , further comprising:

a user interface circuit configured to select one or more modes of operation of the biosensor.

19. The biosensor of claim 15 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to obtain a measurement of heart rate using a spectral response from a wavelength in the UV range; and

wherein the biosensor further comprises a heart rate indicator.

20. The biosensor of claim 19 , wherein the wavelength in the UV range is 400 nm or less.

21. The biosensor of claim 19 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

compare the measurement of heart rate to one or more predetermined thresholds for heart rate; and

activate the heart alert indicator when the measurement of heart rate exceeds the one or more predetermined thresholds for heart rate.

22. The biosensor of claim 15 , wherein the processing circuit is further configured to:

obtain a measurement of respiration rate using at least one of: the first spectral response or the second spectral response; and

compare the respiration rate obtained to one or more predetermined thresholds; and

activate a health alert indicator then the respiration rate exceeds the one or more predetermined thresholds.

23. A method for detecting a sepsis condition, comprising:

obtaining a first spectral response of light reflected from skin tissue of a patient, wherein the light includes a first wavelength in an ultraviolet (UV) range;

obtaining a second spectral response of light reflected from skin tissue of a patient, wherein the light includes a second wavelength of 530 nm or greater;

obtaining a value L λ1 using the first spectral response, wherein the value L λ1 isolates the first spectral response due to pulsating blood flow;

obtaining a value L λ2 using the second spectral response, wherein the value L λ2 isolates the second spectral response due to pulsating blood flow;

obtaining a value R λ1, λ2 from a ratio of the value L λ1 and the value L λ2 , wherein the value R λ1, λ2 is a measurement of nitric oxide (NO);

comparing the value R λ1, λ2 to one or more predetermined thresholds; and

generating an indication of a risk of sepsis based on the comparison.

24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the one or more predetermined thresholds includes an R value indicative of a risk of sepsis.