Methods and formulations for modulating Lyn kinase activity and treating related disorders
The present invention relates to compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and formulations comprising the compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof that are useful in modulating lyn kinase activity. In particular, the compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are useful for treating or preventing a disease or disorder including cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, a disorder of glucose metabolism, metabolic syndrome (i.e., Syndrome X), a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder, septicemia, a thrombotic disorder, type II diabetes, obesity, pancreatitis, hypertension, renal disease, inflammation, or impotence.
1. A method of treating insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in a mammal comprising administering to the mammal in need thereof a compound of formula:
wherein:
R 1 is an alkyl group;
X is a halogen;
Y is O, S, or NH;
Z is O or S; and
n is an integer from 0 to 5 and m is 0 or 1, wherein m+n is less than or equal to 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a compound of formula
wherein:
R 1 is an alkyl group;
X is a halogen; and
n is an integer from 0 to 5 and m is 0 or 1, wherein m+n is less than or equal to 5.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a compound of formula
wherein:
R 1 is an alkyl group; and
n is an integer from 0 to 5.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a compound of formula
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a compound of formula
wherein:
X is a halogen; and
m is an integer from 0 to 1.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a compound of formula
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is administered orally.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the amount of the compound administered orally is 0.5 mg to 20 mg per kilogram of body weight.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is administered intravenously.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the amount of the compound administered intravenously is 0.1 mg to 35 mg per kilogram of body weight.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is administered intranasally.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the amount of the compound administered intranasally is 0.01 pg to 1 mg per kilogram of body weight.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is administered concurrently with the administration of another therapeutic agent.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the another therapeutic agent is chosen from a statin, a PPAR agonist, a bile-acid-binding resin, niacin, nicotinic acid, a RXR agonist, an anti-obesity drug, a hormone, an insulin secretagog, a tyrophostine, a sulfonylurea-based drug, metformin, an α-glucosidase inhibitor, an apo A-I agonist, apolipoprotein E, a cardiovascular drug, and a chemotherapeutic agent.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein:
the statin is chosen from atorvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin, and cerivastatin;
the PPAR agonist is chosen from troglitazone, pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, ciglitazone, 5-((4-(2-(methyl-2-pyridinylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)methyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione, AD 5075, WAY-120,744, englitazone, darglitazone, gemfibrozil, fenofibrate, clofibrate, and ciprofibrate;
the bile-acid-binding resin is chosen from cholestyramine and colestipol hydrochloride;
the RXR agonist is chosen from LG 100268, LGD 1069, 9-cis retinoic acid, 2-(1-(3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl)-cyclopropyl)-pyridine-5-carboxylic acid, and 4-((3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl)2-carbonyl)-benzoic acid;
the anti-obesity drug is chosen from β-3 receptor agonists, sibutramine, bupropion, fluoxetine, and phentermine;
the hormone is chosen from thyroid hormone, estrogen and insulin;
the insulin secretagog is chosen from forskolin, dibutryl cAMP, and isobutylmethylxanthine;
the tyrophostine is tryophostine 51;
the sulfonylurea-based drug is chosen from glisoxepid, glyburide, acetohexamide, chlorpropamide, glibornuride, tolbutamide, tolazamide, glipizide, gliclazide, gliquidone, glyhexamide, phenbutamide, and tolcyclamide;
the α-glucosidase inhibitor is chosen from acarbose and miglitol;
the apo A-I agonist is the Milano form of apo A-I (apo A-IM);
the cardiovascular drug is chosen from methyldopa, diazoxide, hydralazine, phentolamine, amrinone, milrinone, enoximone, fenoximone, imazodan, sulmazole, ranitine, bosentan, and rezulin; and
the chemotherapeutic agent is chosen from methotrexate, taxol, mercaptopurine, thioguanine, hydroxyurea, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, nitrosoureas, cisplatin, carboplatin, mitomycin, dacarbazine, procarbizine, etoposides, campathecins, bleomycin, doxorubicin, idarubicin, daunorubicin, dactinomycin, plicamycin, mitoxantrone, asparaginase, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, paclitaxel, and docetaxel.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the another therapeutic agent is insulin.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the insulin is injectable insulin, transdermal insulin, or inhaled insulin.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mammal is a human.