Controlled disintegration of downhole tools
A downhole assembly comprises a disintegrable article comprising a metal, a metal alloy, a metal composite, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; the disintegrable article being corrodible in a downhole fluid; a current source configured to supply electrons to the disintegrable article and to delay or reduce the corrosion of the disintegrable article in the downhole fluid; and a controller configured to control the supply of electrons to the disintegrable article.
1. A downhole assembly comprising:
a disintegrable article comprising a metal, a metal alloy, a metal composite, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; the disintegrable article being corrodible in a downhole fluid;
a current source configured to supply electrons to the disintegrable article and to delay or reduce the corrosion of the disintegrable article in the downhole fluid; and
a controller configured to control the supply of electrons to the disintegrable article,
wherein the disintegrable article comprises Zn, Mg, Al, Mn, an alloy thereof, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, and the disintegrable article further comprises Ni, W, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Co, an alloy thereof, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
2. The downhole assembly of claim 1 , wherein current source comprises a battery, a device effective to generate an electric current in situ in a downhole environment, or a combination thereof.
3. The downhole assembly of claim 1 , wherein the controller controls the supply of electrons to the disintegrable article according to an instruction received above the ground or generated downhole.
4. The downhole assembly of claim 1 , wherein controlling the supply of electrons comprises terminating the supply of electrons to the disintegrable article.
5. The downhole assembly of claim 1 , wherein the downhole fluid comprises water, brine, acid, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
6. The downhole assembly of claim 1 , wherein the disintegrable article is a ball, a ball seat, a fracture plug, a bridge plug, a wiper plug, shear out plugs, a debris barrier, an atmospheric chamber disc, a swabbing element protector, a sealbore protector, a screen protector, a beaded screen protector, a screen basepipe plug, a drill in stim liner plug, an inflow control device (ICD) plug, a flapper valve, a gaslift valve, a transmatic controlled electrolytic material (CEM) plug, float shoes, a dart, a diverter ball, a shifting/setting ball, a ball seat, a sleeve, a teleperf disk, a direct connect disk, a drill-in liner disk, a fluid loss control flapper, a shear pin or screw, a cementing plug, a teleperf plug, a drill in sand control beaded screen plug, a HP beaded frac screen plug, a hold down dog and spring, a seal bore protector, a stimcoat screen protector, or a liner port plug.
7. The downhole assembly of claim 1 , wherein
the disintegrable article is a ball; and
the downhole assembly further comprises a ball seat.
8. The downhole assembly of claim 7 ,
wherein
the disintegrable article comprises a first surface and a second surface different from the first surface, and
the current source is coupled to the first and second surfaces of the disintegrable article.
9. The downhole assembly of claim 8 , further comprising
a first conductive metal or metal alloy disposed on the first surface of the disintegrable article, and
a second conductive metal or metal alloy disposed on the second surface of the disintegrable article.
10. A downhole assembly comprising:
a disintegrable article comprising a metal, a metal alloy, a metal composite, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; the disintegrable article being corrodible in a downhole fluid;
a current source configured to supply electrons to the disintegrable article and to delay or reduce the corrosion of the disintegrable article in the downhole fluid;
a controller configured to control the supply of electrons to the disintegrable article; and
a sensor operatively coupled to the controller for providing at least one parameter of interest related to the corrosion of the disintegrable article.
11. The downhole assembly of claim 10 , wherein the disintegrable article comprises Zn, Mg, Al, Mn, an alloy thereof, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
12. The downhole assembly of claim 11 , wherein the disintegrable article further comprises Ni, W, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Co, an alloy thereof, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
13. A downhole assembly comprising:
a disintegrable article comprising a metal, a metal alloy, a metal composite, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; the disintegrable article being corrodible in a downhole fluid;
a current source configured to supply electrons to the disintegrable article and to delay or reduce the corrosion of the disintegrable article in the downhole fluid; and
a controller configured to control the supply of electrons to the disintegrable article;
wherein:
the disintegrable article is a ball;
the downhole assembly further comprises a ball seat;
the ball seat comprises alternating conductive and non-conductive portions; and
the current source is coupled to the conductive portions of the ball seat separated by non-conductive portions.
14. A method of controllably removing a disintegrable article, the method comprising:
disposing a disintegrable article comprising a metal, a metal alloy, a metal composite, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing in a downhole environment;
supplying electrons to the disintegrable article by a current source;
performing a downhole operation;
terminating the supply of the electrons to the disintegrable article; and
contacting the disintegrable article with a downhole fluid to corrode the article.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein supplying the electrons to the disintegrable article comprises homogeneously proving electrons to the disintegrable article.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the disintegrable article comprises Zn, Mg, Al, Mn, an alloy thereof, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the disintegrable article further comprises Ni, W, Mo, Cu, Fe, Cr, Co, an alloy thereof, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the current source comprises a battery, a device effective to generate an electric current in situ in a downhole environment, or a combination thereof.
19. The method of claim 14 , further comprising receiving an instruction from above the ground or generating an instruction downhole to terminate the supply of the electrons to the disintegrable article.
20. The method of claim 14 , further comprising
measuring a value of a parameter of interest related to the corrosion of the disintegrable article; and
generating an instruction by comparing the measured value of the parameter with a threshold value.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the parameter comprises temperature, pressure, pH, or a combination thereof.
22. The method of claim 14 , wherein the disintegrable article is a ball; and the method further comprises disposing the ball on a ball seat, the ball seat having alternating conductive and non-conductive portions.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the electrons are provided to the ball via the ball seat.
24. The method of claim 14 , wherein
the disintegrable article comprises a first conductive metal or metal alloy disposed on a first surface of the disintegrable article, and a second conductive metal or metal alloy disposed on the second surface of the disintegrable article, and
the electrons are provided to the disintegrable article via the first and second conductive metals or metal alloys.