Polymer blends for stimulation of oil and gas wells
Compositions and methods for fracturing a subterranean formation are presented. Also provided are compositions and methods for reducing friction-related losses in a well treatment fluid. In general, the compositions include a copolymer that includes one or more vinylphosphonic acid (“VPA”) monomers.
1. A method for fracturing a subterranean formation, the method comprising the step of injecting an aqueous fracturing fluid into at least a portion of the subterranean formation at pressures sufficient to fracture the formation, wherein the fracturing fluid has a pH ranging from about 6 to about 11 and includes a water-in-oil emulsion comprising a crosslinking agent, an inert hydrophobic liquid and a copolymer comprising one or more vinylphosphonic acid monomers.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer further comprises one or more acrylamide monomers.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer further comprises one or more acrylic acid monomers.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fracturing fluid further comprises one or more polysaccharides.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the one or more polysaccharides are selected from the group consisting of derivatized guar, non-derivatized guar, starches, cellulose derivatives, and combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, and boron crosslinking agents.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprises a zirconium crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of zirconium lactate, zirconium lactate triethanolamine, triethanolamine zirconate, zirconium carbonate, zirconium acetylacetonate, zirconium malate, zirconium citrate, and polyhydroxy complexes of zirconium.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer ranges from about 100,000 to about 20,000,000 Daltons.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fracturing fluid further comprises a proppant.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises injecting a breaker into at least a portion of the subterranean formation.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fracturing fluid is selected from the group consisting of fresh water, sea water, brines, salt water, produced water, recycled water, industrial waste water, waste water associated with oil production, and combinations thereof.
12. A method for fracturing a subterranean formation, the method comprising the step of injecting an aqueous fracturing fluid into at least a portion of the subterranean formation at pressures sufficient to fracture the formation, wherein the fracturing fluid has a pH ranging from about 6 to about 11 and comprises a crosslinking agent, a polysaccharide, and a copolymer comprising one or more vinylphosphonic acid monomers, wherein the polysaccharide and the copolymer are present at a ratio ranging from 25:75 to 75:25.