Method for producing a water-soluble thermally-crosslinkable polymeric material
The invention is related to a cost-effective method for producing water-soluble thermally-crosslinkable hydrophilic polymeric materials. Resultant materials can find particular use in preparing a packaging solution used for packaging and autoclaving medical devices, especially contact lenses. Those packaging solutions are especially suitable for forming a relatively-thick and soft hydrogel coatings on contact lenses or medical devices according to an in-package-crosslinking (IPC) processes. The resultant non-silicone hydrogel coatings can have a superior lubricity (a friction rating of 0) with minimized or no surface cracking.
1. A method for producing a water-soluble thermally-crosslinkable polymeric material, comprising the steps of:
(1) obtaining a reactive mixture which is an aqueous solution comprising
(a) an azetidinium-containing polymer having azetidinium groups, wherein the azetidinium-containing polymer is a poly(2-oxazoline-co-ethyleneimine)-epichlorohydrin,
(b) a hydrophilicity-enhancing agent having at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of primary amino group, secondary amino group, carboxyl group, thiol group, and a combination thereof, and
(c) one or more non-polymeric ionic compounds, provided that the aqueous solution either has a pH of at least 8.0 and/or that the non-polymeric ionic compounds are present in the aqueous solution in a total amount of (i) 0 mM to about 135 mM if the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent is non-ionic or positively-charged at the pH of the aqueous solution or (ii) from about 20 millimolars (mM) to about 135 mM if the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent is negatively-charged at the pH of the aqueous solution; and
(2) heating the reactive mixture to reach a reaction temperature of from about 40° C. to about 85° C. and maintaining the temperature of the reactive mixture at the reaction temperature for a time period sufficient to obtain the water-soluble thermally-crosslinkable polymeric material in which the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent is covalently attached to the azetidinium-containing polymer through one or more covalent linkages each formed between one azetidinium group and one reactive functional group,
wherein the water-soluble thermally-crosslinkable polymeric material comprises azetidinium groups.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactive mixture comprises from 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the azetidinium-containing polymer and from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent having at least one reactive function group, provided that the concentration ratio of the azetidinium-containing polymer to the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent in the reactive mixture is from about 1000:1 to 1:1000.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent is: a polyethylene glycol having one sole primary or secondary amino, carboxyl, or thiol group; a polyethylene glycol with two terminal primary or secondary amino, carboxyl, and/or thiol groups; a multi-arm polyethylene glycol with one or more primary or secondary amino, carboxyl, and/or thiol groups; a polyethylene glycol dendrimer with one or more primary or secondary amino, carboxyl, and/or thiol groups.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent is a copolymer which is a polymerization product of a composition comprising (1) about 60% or less by weight of one or more reactive vinylic monomers and (2) one or more non-reactive hydrophilic vinylic monomers.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said one or more reactive vinylic monomers are vinylic monomers having a carboxyl group.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said one or more reactive vinylic monomers are selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, C 1 -C 4 alkylacrylic acid, N-2-(meth)acrylamidoglycolic acid, beta methyl-acrylic acid (crotonic acid), alpha-phenyl acrylic acid, beta-acryloxy propionic acid, sorbic acid, angelic acid, cinnamic acid, 1-carboxy-4-phenyl butadiene-1,3, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, glutaconic acid, aconitic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tricarboxy ethylene, and combinations thereof.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein said one or more reactive vinylic monomers are acrylic acid, methylacrylic acid, or combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein said one or more reactive vinylic monomers are vinylic monomers having a primary or secondary amino group.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said one or more reactive vinylic monomers are amino-C 2 -C 6 alkyl (meth)acrylate, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino-C 2 -C 6 alkyl (meth)acrylate, allylamine, vinylamine, amino-C 2 -C 6 alkyl (meth)acrylamide, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino-C 2 -C 6 alkyl (meth)acrylamide, and combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 4 , wherein said one or more non-reactive vinylic monomers are selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), N-vinyl formamide, N-vinyl acetamide, N-vinyl isopropylamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, glycerol (meth)acrylate, 3-(meth)acryloylamino-1-propanol, N-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylamide, N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]-acrylamide, N-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-ethyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-ethyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-ethyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of up to 1500 Daltons, allyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 4 , wherein said one or more non-reactive vinylic monomers are phosphorylcholine-containing vinylic monomers.
12. The method of claim 4 , wherein said one or more non-reactive vinylic monomers are methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine.
13. The method of claim 4 , wherein said one or more non-reactive vinylic monomers are selected from the group consisting of acryamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, (meth)acryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide, glycerol (meth)acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, N-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of up to 400 Daltons, vinyl alcohol, and combination thereof.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent is a primary or secondary amino- or carboxyl-containing polysaccharide, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and combinations thereof.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent is a primary or secondary amino-containing monosaccharide, a carboxyl-containing monosaccharide, a thiol-containing monosaccharide, a primary or secondary amino-containing disaccharide, a carboxyl-containing disaccharide, a thiol-containing disaccharide, a primary or secondary amino-containing oligosaccharide, a carboxyl-containing oligosaccharide, a thiol-containing oligosaccharide, or a combination thereof.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the concentrations of the hydrophilicity-enhancing agent and the azetidinium-containing polymer in the aqueous solution are at least about 10 times of a targeted concentration of the water-soluble thermal-crosslinkable polymeric material in a packaging solution to be used for forming a non-silicone hydrogel coating on a hydrogel contact lens or a medical device according to in-package-crosslinking (IPC) process.