Electrochemical methods of removing dissolved oxygen from drilling or completion fluids
A method of treating a fluid in a subterranean formation comprises injecting a fluid into the subterranean formation, the fluid containing dissolved oxygen; contacting the fluid with an oxygen removal device, the oxygen removal device comprising an anode, a cathode comprising metallic nanoparticles loaded on a support, an ion exchange membrane disposed between, and electrically separating the anode and the cathode, and a power source electrically coupled to the anode and the cathode; and reducing the amount of the dissolved oxygen in the fluid.
1. A method of treating a fluid in a subterranean formation, the method comprising:
injecting a fluid into a subterranean formation, the fluid containing dissolved oxygen;
contacting the fluid with an oxygen removal device in a downhole environment, the oxygen removal device comprising
an anode,
a cathode comprising metallic nanoparticles loaded on a support,
an ion exchange membrane disposed between, and electrically separating the anode and the cathode, and
a power source electrically coupled to the anode and the cathode;
wherein the oxygen removal device is disposed along a tubular, via which the fluid is injected into the subterranean formation; and
reducing the amount of the dissolved oxygen in the fluid.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the support comprises a carbon support or a metal oxide support or a combination thereof, the carbon support comprises activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, reduced graphene oxide, carbon fibers, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, and the metal oxide support comprises TiO 2 , WO 3 , SiO 2 , MnO 2 , RuO 2 , RhO 2 , or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic nanoparticles comprise platinum, gold, copper, silver, tungsten carbide, titanium diboride, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic nanoparticles have an average particle size of less than about 100 nm.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic nanoparticles are located at a surface of the support that comes into direct contact with the fluid.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises silver nanoparticles loaded on a carbon support.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises metals, metal oxides, metal borides, conductive polymers, semiconductors, ceramics, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ion exchange membrane is a cation exchange membrane.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ion exchange membrane is an anion exchange membrane.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the power source is a battery.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying a voltage of about 0.1 V to about 5 V to the anode and the cathode.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is a drilling fluid or a completion fluid.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid has a pH of about 2 to about 12.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid flows through the oxygen removal device at a flow rate of about 50 gallons/min to about 500 gallons/min.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is injected via a tubular.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the oxygen removal device is disposed on a surface of the tubular.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the anode is the tubular.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the anode is a coating disposed on a surface of the tubular; and the coating has a thickness of about 500 nm to about 500 microns.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the amount of the dissolved oxygen is reduced after the fluid is flowed out of the tubular.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the method comprises contacting the fluid with two or more oxygen removal devices disposed on an outer surface of the tubular.