DEGRADABLE BALL SEALERS WITH IMPROVED SOLUBILITY CHARACTERISTICS
Perforation ball sealers with improved solubility characteristics are made from a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVOH) having a degree of hydrolysis of ˜50% to 84%, or from a molding grade ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) containing 24-48 mol % ethylene and having a degree of hydrolysis of 85 to 99%, or from a blend of both.
1 . A first system of ball sealers capable of operating at all different downhole conditions of temperature and pH level, other than conditions of high temperature and acidic pH, this first system comprising the combination of two or more ball sealers, wherein each ball sealer in this system is made from a first slowly water soluble polymer, a second slowly water soluble polymer, or a blend of these two slowly water soluble polymers, wherein the first slowly water soluble polymer comprises a molding grade vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVOH) having a degree of hydrolysis of ˜50% to 84%, and further wherein the second slowly water soluble polymer comprises a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVOH) having a melting point of 200° C. to 240° C., a melt flow index (MFI) at 220° C. of 10-15 g/10 minute and a viscosity at 220° C. of 150-1500 Pa-sec.
2 . The first system of claim 1 , wherein the ball sealers are made from a blend of the first slowly water soluble polymer and the second slowly water soluble polymer.
3 . The first system of claim 1 , wherein the ball sealers in the first system are made from the first slowly water soluble polymer but not the second slowly water soluble polymer.
4 . The first system of claim 1 , wherein the ball sealers in the first system are made from the second slowly water soluble polymer but not the first slowly water soluble polymer.
5 . The first system of claim 1 , wherein the system includes ball sealers made in whole or in part from a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVOH) having a degree of hydrolysis of about 70-75%.
6 . A process for temporarily sealing perforations in a well bore penetrating a subterranean formation, the process comprising charging into the well bore the first system of ball sealers of claim 1 .
7 . A second system of ball sealers capable of operating at all different downhole conditions of temperature and pH level, other than conditions of high temperature and acidic pH, this second system comprising the combination of two or more ball sealers, wherein each ball sealer in this second system is made from a first slowly water soluble polymer, a second slowly water soluble polymer, or a blend of these two slowly water soluble polymers, wherein the first slowly water soluble polymer comprises a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVOH) having a degree of hydrolysis of ˜50% to 84% and further wherein the second slowly water soluble polymer comprises a molding grade ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) containing 24-48 mol % ethylene and having a degree of hydrolysis of 85% to 99%.
8 . The second system of claim 7 , wherein the ball sealers are made from a blend of the first slowly water soluble polymer and the second slowly water soluble polymer.
9 . The second system of claim 12 , wherein the blend contains 5 to 50 wt. % of the second slowly water soluble polymer.
10 . The second system of claim 7 , wherein the ball sealers in the second system are made from the first slowly water soluble polymer but not the second slowly water soluble polymer.
11 . The second system of claim 7 , wherein the ball sealers in the second system are made from the second slowly water soluble polymer but not the first slowly water soluble polymer.
12 . The second system of claim 7 , wherein the system includes ball sealers made in whole or in part from a vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymer (PVOH) having a degree of hydrolysis of about 70-75%.
13 . A process for temporarily sealing perforations in a well bore penetrating a subterranean formation, the process comprising charging into the well bore the second system of ball sealers of claim 7 .
14 . Ball sealers capable of operating at medium downhole temperatures regardless of pH, wherein these ball sealers are made from blends containing 40 to 90 wt. % of one or more vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymers (PVOH) having a degree of hydrolysis of 85% or more and 10 to 60 wt. % wt. % of one or more fully amorphous grade polylactic acid ester (PLA) polymers.
15 . The ball sealers of claim 14 , wherein the blend contains 55 to 65 wt. % of one or more vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymers (PVOH) having a degree of hydrolysis of 85% or more and 45 to 35 wt. % of one or more fully amorphous grade polylactic acid ester (PLA) polymers.
16 . A process for temporarily sealing perforations in a well bore penetrating a subterranean formation, the process comprising charging into the well bore the ball sealers of claim 14 .
17 . The process of claim 16 , wherein the blend contains 55 to 65 wt. % of one or more vinyl alcohol/vinyl acetate copolymers (PVOH) having a degree of hydrolysis of 85% or more and 45 to 35 wt. % wt. % of one or more fully amorphous grade polylactic acid ester (PLA) polymers.
18 . Ball sealers capable of operating at high downhole temperatures and the highly acidic pH levels associated with acidizing treatments, wherein these ball sealers are made from at least one of
(a) a molding grade polylactic acid ester polymer (PLA), and
(b) a condensation polymer or copolymer of one or more hydroxy-substituted C 1 -C 10 carboxylic acids,
wherein the ball sealers contain 5 to 25 wt. % of a water soluble polyether polymer having a weight average molecular weights of 100,000 to 5,000,000.
19 . The ball sealers of claim 18 , wherein the ball sealers are made from a condensation polymer or copolymer of hydroxybutyrate, hydroxyhexanoate or a mixture thereof.
20 . A process for temporarily sealing perforations in a well bore penetrating a subterranean formation exhibiting highly acidic pH conditions as a result of an acidizing treatment and a “high” temperature of ˜200° F. to 350° F. or higher (˜93° C. to ˜177° C. or higher), the process comprising charging into the well bore ball sealers are made from at least one of
(a) a molding grade polylactic acid ester polymer (PLA), and
(b) a condensation polymer or copolymer of one or more hydroxy-substituted C 1 -C 10 carboxylic acids.
21 . The process of claim 20 , wherein the ball sealers are made from a condensation polymer or copolymer of hydroxybutyrate, hydroxyhexanoate or a mixture thereof.
22 . The process of claim 20 , wherein the ball sealers contain 5 to 25 wt. % of a water soluble polyether polymer having a weight average molecular weights of 100,000 to 5,000,000.