Techniques are provided for low, or deep, dimming of a light-emitting diode (LED) load. In an example, a method of adjusting an initial voltage of a driver circuit for an LED load can include providing current to an LED load from a power stage of the driver during an on-time of a pulse-width modulation (PWM) cycle, receiving error current information of the driver circuit at a low-dimming control circuit of the driver, and adjusting a voltage of an output capacitor coupled to the driver during an off-time of the PWM cycle, the charge adjustment based on the error current information.
1. A driver circuit configured to receive a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal, and to control a voltage on an output capacitor of the driver circuit that alleviates intensity fluctuation of an LED load during low PWM dimming, the PWM signal configured to include a plurality of PWM cycles, each PWM cycle of the plurality of PWM cycles including an on-time and an off-time, the driver circuit comprising:
a power stage configured to provide current to the output capacitor, and to provide current to an the LED load during the on-time of a PWM cycle of the plurality of PWM cycles via a PWM switch; and
a dimming circuit configured to receive error current information from a first error amplifier of the driver circuit during the on-time, and to provide a charge exchange with the output capacitor during the off-time of the PWM cycle, the charge exchange based on the error current information.
2. The driver circuit of claim 1 , including the first error amplifier, the first error amplifier configured to receive an LED intensity set point, to receive intensity feedback information from an output of the power stage, and to provide error information for the power stage.
3. The driver circuit of claim 2 , wherein the dimming circuit includes a current sensor coupled to an output of the first error amplifier, the current sensor configured to provide the current error information.
4. The driver circuit of claim 3 , wherein the dimming circuit is configured to provide a low-dimming set point indicative of a voltage of the output capacitor during the off-time of the PWM cycle.
5. The driver circuit of claim 4 , wherein the dimming circuit includes a counter; and wherein the low-dimming control circuit is configured to receive the error current information from the current sensor, to receive a PWM control signal, and to trigger a state of the counter at a transition of the PWM control signal based on the error current information.
6. The driver circuit of claim 5 including a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to receive an output of the counter and to provide the low-dimming set point.
7. The driver circuit of claim 4 , including a second error amplifier configured to receive the low-dimming set point and a representation of the voltage of the output capacitor, and to provide a voltage error signal to the power stage.
8. The driver circuit of claim 7 , wherein the power stage includes a switching regulator.
9. The driver circuit of claim 8 , wherein the power stage includes a linear regulator configured to provide the charge exchange using the voltage error signal.
10. A method of adjusting an initial voltage of a driver circuit, the method comprising:
receiving a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal at the driver circuit, the PWM signal configured to include a plurality of PWM cycles, each PWM cycle of the plurality of PWM cycles including an on-time and an off-time,
providing current to an LED load from a power stage of the driver circuit during the on-time of a PWM cycle of the plurality of PWM cycles;
receiving error current information of the driver circuit at a dimming circuit of the driver circuit; and
adjusting a voltage of an output capacitor coupled to the driver circuit during the off-time of the PWM cycle, the charge adjustment based on the error current information.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein providing current to an LED load includes receiving an operating threshold at the power stage.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein receiving the operating threshold includes:
receiving a dimming set point and a representation of current of the LED load at a first error amplifier;
summing the dimming set point and the representation of current of the LED load to provide an error current; and
receiving the error current at a threshold capacitor.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein receiving error current information includes receiving a sense voltage at the dimming circuit from a resistor coupled to an output of the first error amplifier.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein adjusting a voltage of an output capacitor includes receiving a low-dimming set point at the power stage, the low-dimming set point indicative of a voltage of the output capacitor during the off-time of the PWM cycle.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein adjusting a voltage of an output capacitor includes adjusting the voltage of the output capacitor during an off-time of the PWM cycle using a switching regulator of the power stage.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein adjusting a voltage of an output capacitor includes adjusting the voltage of the output capacitor during an off-time of the PWM cycle using a linear regulator of the power stage.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein providing current to the LED load includes providing current to the LED load during an on-time of the PWM cycle using a switching regulator of the power stage.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein receiving error current information includes incrementing a counter of the dimming circuit based on the error current information.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein receiving error current information includes not incrementing the counter when a magnitude of the error current information does not violate a threshold.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein adjusting a voltage of an output capacitor includes converting a digital output of the counter to provide the low-dimming set point.