Electrically conductive gel and conductive human interfaces and electrodes formed using electrically conductive gel
A conductive human interface includes an insulating body of elastomeric material and a compliant electrode embedded in the insulating body. The electrode is formed from an electrically conductive gel including a polymeric material and conductive particles dispersed in the polymeric material. The conductive particles can be included in the gel in an amount that is not more than about 10% by weight.
1. A conductive human interface, comprising:
an insulating body of elastomeric material having a contact surface configured to contact the skin of a user;
an electrode embedded in the insulating body, wherein
the electrode is formed of electrically conductive gel,
the electrically conductive gel comprises a polymeric material and conductive additive material dispersed in the polymeric material, and
the conductive additive material is included in the electrically conductive gel at not more than about 10% by weight; and
a fabric layer having an interior surface and an exterior surface, wherein the insulating body and the electrode are applied to the interior surface of the fabric layer.
2. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , wherein the electrode has a bulk DC resistance of about 1000 ohms-cm or less.
3. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , wherein
the conductive additive material comprises conductive particles,
the conductive particles forming between about 1% and about 10% of the electrically conductive gel by weight,
a majority of the conductive particles are between about 0.030 inches and about 0.050 inches in size;
an Elongation at Break of the electrically conductive gel is between about 50% and about 200%, and
the electrically conductive gel has a bulk DC resistance of less than 500Ω.
4. The conductive human interface of claim 3 , wherein the electrically conductive gel has a viscosity between about 1 million cP and about 10 million cP, when the electrically conductive gel is in an uncured and compounded state.
5. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , wherein the conductive additive material comprises conductive particles.
6. The conductive human interface of claim 5 , wherein the conductive particles are within a range of about 1% to about 10% of the electrically conductive gel by weight.
7. The conductive human interface of claim 5 , wherein the conductive particles amalgamated carbon nanotubes.
8. The conductive human interface of claim 5 , wherein a majority of the conductive particles are less than about 0.075 inches in length.
9. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , wherein the electrode has a bulk DC resistance within a range of about 50 ohms-cm to about 500 ohms-cm.
10. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , wherein the conductive additive material comprises conductive strands.
11. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , wherein the electrode has a hardness greater than a hardness of the insulating body.
12. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , wherein the electrode has an Elongation at Break equal or substantially equal to an Elongation at Break of the insulating body.
13. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , wherein the electrode has an Elongation at Break within a range of about 50% to about 200%.
14. The conductive human interface of claim 1 , further comprising:
a conductive path electrically connected to the electrode; and
an electrical connector electrically connected to the conductive path.
15. A conductive human interface, comprising:
an insulating body of elastomeric material; and
an electrode embedded in the insulating body, wherein:
the electrode is formed of electrically conductive gel,
the electrically conductive gel comprises a polymer and amalgamated carbon nanotubes dispersed in the polymer, and
the amalgamated carbon nanotubes have an average length not greater than about 70 μm.
16. The conductive human interface of claim 15 , wherein the amalgamated carbon nanotubes are within a range of 1% to 7% of the electrically conductive gel by weight.
17. The conductive human interface of claim 15 , wherein the electrode has resistance of 1000 ohms-cm or less.
18. The conductive human interface of claim 15 , wherein the electrode has a hardness greater than a hardness of the insulating body.
19. The conductive human interface of claim 15 , wherein the electrode has an Elongation at Break equal or substantially equal to an Elongation at Break of the insulating body.