Hydrophilic copolymer with pendant thiol groups
The invention is related to a class of hydrophilic copolymers comprising loosely dangling thiol-containing pendant groups. The hydrophilic copolymers are highly reactive towards azetidinium groups of an azetidinium-containing polymer upon heating and can find particular use in for producing water-soluble highly-branched hydrophilic polymeric material useful for producing water gradient contact lenses.
1. A hydrophilic polymer, which is a first copolymer or a third copolymer,
wherein the first copolymer comprises at least about 50% by mole of repeating units of vinyl alcohol
and repeating units of formula (1)
wherein the third copolymer comprises at least about 50% by mole of repeating units of at least one non-reactive vinylic monomer selected from the group consisting of a phosphorylcholine-containing vinylic monomer, (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), N-vinyl formamide, N-vinyl acetamide, N-vinyl isopropylamide, N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, glycerol (meth)acrylate, 3-(meth)acryloylamino-1-propanol, N-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylamide, N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]-acrylamide, N-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-ethyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-ethyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-ethyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of up to 1500 Daltons, allyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof, and repeating units of formula (3)
in which: X 1 is oxygen or NR′; R′ and R 1 independent of each other are hydrogen or a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group; R 2 is a C 2 -C 6 alkylene divalent radical; R 4 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group; R a is hydrogen or methyl; and R b is hydrogen, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, acetyl, or C 2 -C 4 alkanoylamino which optionally has a carboxyl group.
2. The hydrophilic polymer of claim 1 , wherein R a is hydrogen, and R b is acetylamino, propionylamino or butyrylamino.
3. The hydrophilic polymer of claim 1 , which is the first copolymer.
4. The hydrophilic polymer of claim 3 , wherein, in formula (1), R′ and R 1 independent of each other are hydrogen or methyl, R 2 is a C 2 -C 4 alkylene divalent radical.
5. The hydrophilic polymer of claim 3 , wherein the first copolymer further comprises repeating units of
in which R 3 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, repeating units of vinyl acetate, repeating units of 3,4-dihydroxy-1-butene, repeating units of N-vinylpyrrolidone, or a combination thereof.
6. The hydrophilic polymer of claim 1 , which is the third copolymer.
7. The hydrophilic polymer of claim 6 , wherein the third copolymer comprises repeating units of a phosphorylcholine-containing vinylic monomer.
8. The hydrophilic polymer of claim 6 , wherein the third copolymer comprises repeating units of a non-reactive hydrophilic vinylic monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinyl-N-methyl acetamide, glycerol (meth)acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, N-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylamide, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate having a weight average molecular weight of up to 400 Daltons, N-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-5-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, 5-methyl-3-methylene-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (metha)crylamide, and combinations thereof.
9. The hydrophilic polymer of claim 6 , wherein the third copolymer comprises from about 50% to about 98% by mole of repeating units of said one or more non-reactive vinylic monomers.