Blade, gas turbine including the same, and blade manufacturing method

1. A blade comprising:

a blade body that forms an airfoil and is disposed inside a combustion gas flow passage through which combustion gas flows;

a platform that spreads from an end in a blade height direction of the blade body in a direction having a component perpendicular to the blade height direction; and

a shaft-mounted part that extends from the platform toward the opposite side from the blade body, wherein

a blade passage through which cooling air flows is formed inside the blade body, the platform, and the shaft-mounted part so as to extend through the blade body, the platform, and the shaft-mounted part in the blade height direction,

the platform has a gas path surface that faces the blade height direction and comes in contact with the combustion gas, a shaft-side surface that is located back-to-back with the gas path surface, and a platform passage which is formed between the gas path surface and the shaft-side surface and through which cooling air flows,

the blade has a communication passage that leads from at least one surface of the shaft-side surface of the platform and an outer surface of the shaft-mounted part through the platform passage to the blade passage,

an opening of the communication passage in the at least one surface is blocked with a sealing member,

the platform passage has an inflow passage portion that extends from a position near the blade passage in a direction having a component of a blade thickness direction based on that position,

an inner surface defining the inflow passage portion includes a gas path-side inner surface that faces the shaft-side surface side, and a shaft-side inner surface that is the only surface of the inner surface facing the gas path-side inner surface and spreads in a direction having more of a component of the blade thickness direction than a component of the blade height direction, and

an inner surface defining the communication passage intersects with and joins to the shaft-side inner surface of the inflow passage portion.

2. The blade according to claim 1 , wherein

the inner surface of the inflow passage portion includes an end inner surface that spreads from an end of the shaft-side inner surface on the blade passage side in a direction having a component of the blade height direction and joins to an end of the gas path-side inner surface on the blade passage side, and

the inner surface of the communication passage intersects with and joins to the end inner surface of the inflow passage portion.

3. The blade according to claim 1 , wherein the inner surface of the communication passage intersects with and joins to the gas path-side inner surface of the inflow passage portion.

4. The blade according to claim 1 , wherein

a bulge bulging in the blade thickness direction toward the inflow passage portion is formed in the blade passage, and

the communication passage intersects with and joins to the bulge of the blade passage.

5. The blade according to claim 1 , wherein the platform passage has a meander passage portion that meanders inside the platform.

6. The blade according to claim 1 , wherein

the platform has a lateral end surface that spreads in a direction having a component perpendicular to a width direction and joins to the gas path surface, the width direction having a component perpendicular to a chord direction of the blade body and the blade height direction, and

the platform passage has a lateral end passage portion that extends along the lateral end surface in a direction having a component of the chord direction.

7. A gas turbine comprising:

a plurality of the blades according to claim 1 ;

a rotor shaft on which the plurality of blades are mounted;

a casing that covers the plurality of blades and the rotor shaft; and

a combustor that sends combustion gas to a region inside the casing where the plurality of blades are disposed.

8. A blade manufacturing method comprising:

an intermediate product forming step of forming an intermediate product of a blade having a blade body that forms an airfoil and is disposed inside a combustion gas flow passage through which combustion gas flows, a platform that spreads from an end in a blade height direction of the blade body in a direction having a component perpendicular to the blade height direction, and a shaft-mounted part that extends from the platform toward the opposite side from the blade body;

a communication passage forming step of forming a communication passage that extends from an outer surface of the intermediate product to an inside of the intermediate product; and

a sealing step of blocking an opening of the communication passage in the outer surface of the intermediate product, wherein

in the intermediate product forming step,

a blade passage through which cooling air flows is formed inside the blade body, the platform, and the shaft-mounted part so as to extend in the blade height direction;

a gas path surface that faces the blade height direction and comes in contact with the combustion gas, a shaft-side surface that is located back-to-back with the gas path surface, and a platform passage which is formed between the gas path surface and the shaft-side surface and through which cooling air flows are formed in the platform;

an inflow passage portion that extends from a position near the blade passage in a direction having a component of a blade thickness direction based on that position is formed as a portion of the platform passage; and

as a part of an inner surface defining the inflow passage portion, a gas path-side inner surface that faces the shaft-side surface side, and a shaft-side inner surface that is the only surface of the inner surface facing the gas path-side inner surface and spreads in a direction having more of a component of the blade thickness direction than a component of the blade height direction, are formed when the inflow passage portion is formed, and

in the communication passage forming step, a through-hole that extends from at least one surface of the shaft-side surface of the platform and an outer surface of the shaft-mounted part through the shaft-side inner surface of the inflow passage portion to the blade passage is formed as the communication passage.

9. The blade manufacturing method according to claim 8 , wherein

in the intermediate product forming step, an end inner surface that spreads from an end of the shaft-side inner surface on the blade passage side in a direction having a component of the blade height direction and joins to an end of the gas path-side inner surface on the blade passage side is formed as a part of the inner surface defining the inflow passage portion, and

in the communication passage forming step, a through-hole that extends to the blade passage through the end inner surface of the inflow passage portion is formed as the communication passage.

10. The blade manufacturing method according to claim 8 , wherein, in the communication passage forming step, a through-hole that extends to the blade passage through a corner between the shaft-side inner surface and the end inner surface of the inflow passage portion is formed as the communication passage.

11. The blade manufacturing method according to claim 8 , wherein, in the communication passage forming step, a through-hole that extends to the blade passage through the gas path-side inner surface of the inflow passage portion is formed as the communication passage.

12. The blade manufacturing method according to claim 8 , wherein, in the communication passage forming step, a through-hole that extends to the blade passage through a corner between the gas path-side inner surface and the end inner surface of the inflow passage portion is formed as the communication passage.

13. The blade manufacturing method according to claim 8 , wherein the intermediate product forming step includes:

a casting mold forming step of forming a casting mold that has an internal space matching an external shape of the blade;

a core forming step of forming a blade passage core that has an external shape matching a shape of the blade passage, and a platform passage core that has an external shape matching a shape of the platform passage;

a casting step of disposing the blade passage core and the platform passage core inside the casting mold, and pouring molten metal into the casting mold; and

a core melting step of melting the blade passage core and the platform passage core after the molten metal has hardened.

14. The blade manufacturing method according to claim 8 , wherein

in the intermediate product forming step, a pilot hole is formed that is recessed from at least one surface of the shaft-side surface of the platform and an outer surface of the shaft-mounted part toward the shaft-side inner surface of the inflow passage portion, and

in the communication passage forming step, a through-hole is formed that extends from a bottom surface of the pilot hole of the intermediate product, formed in the intermediate product forming step, through the shaft-side inner surface of the inflow passage portion to the blade passage.

15. The blade manufacturing method according to claim 14 , wherein

in the core forming step, a pilot hole core that has an external shape matching a shape of the pilot hole is formed,

in the casting step, the pilot hole core is disposed inside the casting mold and molten metal is poured into the casting mold, and

in the core melting step, the pilot hole core is melted after the molten metal has hardened.

16. The blade manufacturing method according to claim 8 , wherein, in the communication passage forming step, the through-hole is formed by electric discharge machining or electro-chemical machining.