Silica-modified catalyst supports
A method for preparing a silica-modified catalyst support is described comprising: (i) applying an alkyl silicate solution to a porous support material in an amount to produce a silica content of the silica-modified catalyst support, expressed as Si, in the range 0.25 to 15% by weight, (ii) drying the resulting silicate-modified support and recovering a first alcoholic solution, (iii) optionally treating the dried silicate-modified support with water, drying the resulting water-treated support and recovering a second alcoholic solution, and (iv) calcining the dried material to form the silica-modified catalyst support, wherein the first alcoholic solution contains ≤10 vol % water and at least a portion of the first alcoholic solution is mixed with alkyl silicate to form the alkyl silicate solution.
1. A method for preparing a silica-modified catalyst support, the method comprising:
(i) applying an alkyl silicate solution to a porous support material in an amount to produce a silicate-modified catalyst support having a silica content, expressed as Si, in the range of 0.25 to 15% by weight, the alkyl silicate solution comprising an alkyl silicate admixed in an alcoholic solution containing water in a range of from 0.05 vol % to 10 vol %,
(ii) drying the silicate-modified support and recovering a first recovered alcoholic solution, and
(iii) calcining the dried silicate-modified support to form the silica-modified catalyst support, wherein the first recovered alcoholic solution contains water in a range of from 0.05 vol % to 10 vol % and the alkyl silicate solution contains at least a portion of the first recovered alcoholic solution recycled from the drying of the silicate-modified support.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkyl silicate concentration in the alkyl silicate solution is in the range of 50-75% by weight.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first recovered alcoholic solution contains less than 5% water by volume.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous support material has a moisture content of 6.0 wt % or less.
5. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising pre-drying the porous support material.
6. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising dehydrating the first recovered alcoholic solution before mixing it with the alkyl silicate.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the first recovered alcoholic solution is dehydrated by distillation, adsorption, or membrane separation.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous support material comprises alumina, titania, or zirconia.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous support material comprises a transition alumina or hydrated alumina.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous support material is a spray-dried powder with an average particle size in the range of 1 to 200 micrometres.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous support material is a shaped unit with a particle size in the range of 1 to 50 mm.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkyl silicate is a tetraalkyl silicate of the formula Si(OR) 4 , where R is a C1-C4 alkyl group.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkyl silicate comprises tetraethyl-orthosilicate and the alcohol in the first recovered alcoholic solution comprises ethanol.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the silica content of the silica-modified catalyst support, expressed as Si, is in the range of 1 to 10% by weight.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the volume of the alkyl silicate solution is less than or equal to the pore volume of the porous support material.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the silicate-modified support is dried at a temperature in the range of from 30° C. to 150° C.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the moisture content of the dried silicate-modified support is 5% or less by weight.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the calcination step is performed by heating the dried support to a temperature in the range of from 500° C. to 1100° C.
19. The method of preparing a catalyst comprising applying a catalytically active material to a silica-modified catalyst support prepared according to the method of claim 1 .
20. The method according to claim 19 wherein the catalytically active material comprises cobalt.
21. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising treating the dried silicate-modified support with water, drying the resulting water-treated support and recovering a second recovered alcoholic solution.
22. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the water treating comprises applying water or water containing an alcohol to the dried silicate-modified support.
23. The method according to claim 22 , wherein the water is mains water, distilled water, or purified water.
24. The method according to claim 22 , wherein the water containing alcohol comprises at least part of the first recovered alcoholic solution or second alcoholic solution.
25. The method according to claim 22 , wherein the water treated support is dried at a temperature in the range of 30-150° C.
26. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first recovered alcoholic solution contains less than 2.45% water by volume.