Use of a combination of Dbait molecule and PARP inhibitors to treat cancer

1. A method of treating cancer comprising the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a nucleic acid molecule and a Poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is a hairpin nucleic acid with a double-stranded DNA stem and a loop and has the following formula:

wherein N is a deoxynucleotide, n is an integer from 23 to 195, the underlined N refers to a nucleotide having or not a modified phosphodiester backbone, L′ is a linker, C is the molecule facilitating endocytosis selected from a lipophilic molecule or a ligand which targets cell receptor enabling receptor mediated endocytosis, L is a linker, m is 0 or 1, p is 1, and wherein the nucleic acid molecule has less than 70% sequence identity to any gene in a human genome to a subject having cancer.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the molecule of formula (II) has one or several of the following features:

n is an integer from 23 to 195 or from 27 to 95; and/or

N is a deoxynucleotide selected from the group consisting of A (adenine), C (cytosine), T (thymine) and G (guanine) and selected so as to avoid occurrence of a CpG dinucleotide and to have less than 80% sequence identity to any gene in a human genome; and/or

the linked L′ is selected from the group consisting of hexaethyleneglycol, tetradeoxythymidylate (T4), 1,19-bis(phospho)-8-hydraza-2-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane and 2,19-bis(phosphor)-8-hydraza-1-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane; and/or

m is 1 and L is a carboxamido polyethylene glycol, carboxamido triethylene glycol or carboxamido tetraethylene glycol; and/or

C is selected from the group consisting of single or double chain fatty acids, cholesterol, tocopherol, folic acid, a sugar, peptides, and proteins.

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule has one of the following formula:

wherein the underlined nucleotide refers to a nucleotide having a phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate backbone, the linked L′ is selected from the group consisting of hexaethyleneglycol, tetradeoxythymidylate (T4), 1,19-bis(phospho)-8-hydraza-2-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane and 2,19-bis(phosphor)-8-hydraza-1-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane; m is 1 and L is a carboxamido oligoethylene glycol, m is 1, p is 0 or 1, and C is selected from the group consisting of single or double chain fatty acids, cholesterol, tocopherol, folic acid, a sugar, peptides and proteins.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule is

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule is

6. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule is

wherein C is a cholesteryl, Lm is a tetraethyiene glycol, p is 1 and L′ is 1,19-bis(phospho)-8-hydraza-2-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the PARP inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of rucaparib (AG014699, PF-01367338), olaparib (AZD2281), veliparib (ABT888), iniparib (BSI 201), niraparib (MK 4827), talazoparib (BMN673), AZD 2461, CEP 9722, E7016, INO-1001, LT-673, MP-124, NMS-P118, XAV939, analogs, derivatives or a mixture thereof.

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the PARP inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of AZD2281 (Olaparib), ABT888 (Veliparib), BMN673, BSI-21 (Iniparib), AZD 2461, MK-4827 (Niraparib), and AG 014699 (Rucaparib).

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cancer is selected from leukemia, lymphoma, sarcoma, melanoma, and cancers of the head and neck, kidney, ovary, pancreas, prostate, thyroid, lung, esophagus, breast, bladder, brain, colorectum, liver, and cervix.

10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the cancer is selected from leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, sarcoma, cancer of the head and neck, breast cancer, brain cancer, colorectum cancer, and cancer of cervix.

11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the PARP inhibitor is used at a sub-therapeutic amount.

12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the PARP inhibitor and the nucleic acid molecule are used in combination with a radiotherapy and/or an antitumor chemotherapy with a DNA damaging agent.

13. A method of treating cancer comprising administering, to a subject having cancer, a PARP inhibitor in combination with a DBait nucleic acid molecule, wherein the DBait nucleic acid molecule is a hairpin nucleic acid with a double-stranded DNA stem and a loop and has the following formula:

wherein N is a deoxynucleotide, n is an integer from 23 to 195, the underlined N refers to a nucleotide having or not a modified phosphodiester backbone, L′ is a linker, C is the molecule facilitating endocytosis selected from a lipophilic molecule or a ligand which targets cell receptor enabling receptor mediated endocytosis, L is a linker, m is 0 or 1 p is 1, and wherein the DBait nucleic acid molecule has less than 70% sequence identity to any gene in a human genome.

14. A method of treating cancer comprising administering, to a subject having cancer, a DBait nucleic acid molecule in combination with a PARP inhibitor, wherein the DBait nucleic acid molecule is a hairpin nucleic acid with a double-stranded DNA stem and a loop and has the following formula:

wherein N is a deoxynucleotide, n is an integer from 23 to 195, the underlined N refers to a nucleotide having or not a modified phosphodiester backbone, L′ is a linker, C is the molecule facilitating endocytosis selected from a lipophilic molecule or a ligand which targets cell receptor enabling receptor mediated endocytosis, L is a linker, m is 0 or 1 p is 1, and wherein the DBait nucleic acid molecule has less than 70% sequence identity to any gene in a human genome.

15. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule has one of the following formula:

wherein the underlined nucleotide refers to a nucleotide having a phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate backbone, the linked L′ is selected from the group consisting of hexaethyleneglycol, tetradeoxythymidylate (T4), 1,19-bis(phospho)-8-hydraza-2-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane and 2,19-bis(phosphor)-8-hydraza-1-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane; m is 1 and L is a carboxamido oligoethylene glycol; m and p are 1 and C is selected from the group consisting of single or double chain fatty acids, cholesterol, tocopherol, folic acid, a sugar, peptides and proteins.

16. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule has one of the following formula:

wherein the underlined nucleotide refers to a nucleotide having a phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate backbone, the linked L′ is selected from the group consisting of hexaethyleneglycol, tetradeoxythymidylate (T4), 1,19-bis(phospho)-8-hydraza-2-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane and 2,19-bis(phosphor)-8-hydraza-1-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane; m and p are 1 and L is a carboxamido oligoethylene glycol and C is selected from the group consisting of single or double chain fatty acids, cholesterol, tocopherol, folic acid, a sugar, peptides and proteins.

17. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the molecule of formula (II) has one or several of the following features:

n is an integer from 23 to 195 or from 27 to 95; and/or

N is a deoxynucleotide selected from the group consisting of A (adenine), C (cytosine), T (thymine) and G (guanine) and selected so as to avoid occurrence of a CpG dinucleotide and to have less than 80% sequence identity to any gene in a human genome; and/or

the linked L′ is selected from the group consisting of hexaethyleneglycol, tetradeoxythymidylate (T4), 1,19-bis(phospho)-8-hydraza-2-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane and 2,19-bis(phosphor)-8-hydraza-1-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane; and/or

m is 1 and L is a carboxamido polyethylene glycol, carboxamido triethylene glycol or carboxamido tetraethylene glycol; and/or

C is selected from the group consisting of single or double chain fatty acids, cholesterol, tocopherol, folic acid, a sugar, peptides and proteins.

18. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule has one of the following formula:

wherein the underlined nucleotide refers to a nucleotide having a phosphorothioate or methylphosphonate backbone, the linked L′ is selected from the group consisting of hexaethyleneglycol, tetradeoxythymidylate (T4), 1,19-bis(phospho)-8-hydraza-2-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane and 2,19-bis(phosphor)-8-hydraza-1-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane; m and p are 1 and L is a carboxamido oligoethylene glycol and C is selected from the group consisting of single or double chain fatty acids, cholesterol, tocopherol, folic acid, a sugar, peptides and proteins.

19. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule is

20. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule is

21. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule is

wherein C is a cholesteryl, Lm is a tetraethylene glycol, p is 1 and L′ is 1,19-bis(phospho)-8-hydraza-2-hydroxy-4-oxa-9-oxo-nonadecane.

22. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the PARP inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of rucaparib (AG014699, PF-01367338), olaparib (AZD2281), veliparib (ABT888), iniparib (BSI 201), niraparib (MK 4827), talazoparib (BMN673), AZD 2461, CEP 9722, E7016, INO-1001, LT-673, MP-124, NMS-P118, XAV939, analogs, derivatives or a mixture thereof.

23. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the PARP inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of AZD2281 (Olaparib), ABT888 (Veliparib), BMN673, BSI-21 (Iniparib), AZD 2461 MK-4827 (Niraparib), and AG 014699 (Rucaparib).

24. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the cancer is selected from leukemia, lymphoma, sarcoma, melanoma, and cancers of the head and neck, kidney, ovary, pancreas, prostate, thyroid, lung, esophagus, breast, bladder, brain, colorectum, liver, and cervix.

25. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the PARP inhibitor is used at a sub-therapeutic amount.

26. The method according to claim 1 , wherein C is cholesterol.