Negative electrode active material for secondary battery and secondary battery including the same
The present invention provides a negative electrode active material for a secondary battery, the negative electrode active material including a core that includes a lithium titanium oxide and a surface treatment layer located on a surface of the core, wherein the surface treatment layer includes a boron-containing lithium oxide at an amount that allows a boron content to have a molar ratio of 0.002 to 0.02 with respect to 1 mole of the lithium titanium oxide, and when 2 g of the negative electrode active material is titrated at pH 5 or lower using 0.1 M HCl, a titrated amount is 0.9 to 1.5 ml, and a secondary battery including the same. The negative electrode active material exhibits an excellent capacity recovery rate and an output characteristic when applied to a battery and is capable of reducing gas generation by preventing electrolyte decomposition.
1. A negative electrode active material for a secondary battery, the negative electrode active material comprising:
a core that includes a lithium titanium oxide; and
a surface treatment layer located on a surface of the core, wherein:
the surface treatment layer includes a boron-containing lithium oxide at an amount that allows a boron content to have a molar ratio of 0.002 to 0.02 with respect to 1 mole of the lithium titanium oxide; and
when 2 g of the negative electrode active material is titrated at pH 5 or lower using 0.1 M HCl, a titrated amount is 0.9 to 1.5 ml.
2. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the surface treatment layer includes the boron-containing lithium oxide to be 5,000 to 7,000 ppm with respect to a total weight of the lithium titanium oxide.
3. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the surface treatment layer has a lithium ion migration energy barrier value of 0.05 eV to 0.3 eV.
4. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the boron-containing lithium oxide has a bandgap value of 8.5 eV to 10.5 eV.
5. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the boron-containing lithium oxide includes any one or two or more selected from the group consisting of Li 2 B 4 O 7 , LiB 3 O 5 , LiB 8 O 13 , Li 4 B 2 O 5 , Li 3 BO 3 , Li 2 B 2 O 4 , and Li 2 B 6 O 10 .
6. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the surface treatment layer is formed at 80 area % or more of an entire surface area of the core.
7. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the lithium titanium oxide includes a compound of Chemical Formula 2 below:
Li x Ti y M w O 12-z A z [Chemical Formula 2]
In Chemical Formula 2 above,
0.5≤x≤4, 1≤y≤5, 0≤w≤0.17, 0≤z≤0.17,
M includes one or more elements selected from the group consisting of metals of Groups 2 to 13 in the periodic table,
and A is a nonmetal element having an oxidation number of −1 valence.
8. The negative electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the lithium titanium oxide comprises any one or two or more selected from the group consisting of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , Li 0.8 Ti 22 O 4 , Li 2.67 Ti 1.33 O 4 , LiTi 2 O 4 , Li 1.33 Ti 1.67 O 4 , and Li 1.14 Ti 1.71 O 4 .
9. A method of fabricating the negative electrode active material for a secondary battery of claim 1 , the method including a step of forming, on a surface of a core, a surface treatment layer including a boron-containing lithium oxide at an amount that allows a boron content to have a molar ratio of 0.002 to 0.02 with respect to 1 mole of a lithium titanium oxide by treating a surface of the core including the lithium titanium oxide with a precursor of the boron-containing lithium oxide and then heat-treating at 350° C. to 450° C.
10. A negative electrode for a secondary battery comprising the negative electrode active material of claim 1 .
11. A lithium secondary battery comprising the negative electrode of claim 10 .