Diesel oxidation catalyst
An oxidation catalyst composite, methods, and systems for the treatment of exhaust gas emis-sions from a diesel engine are described. More particularly, described is an oxidation catalyst composite including a first oxidation material comprising a first refractory metal oxide support, a rare earth oxide, and palladium (Pd); a second oxidation material comprising a second refractory metal oxide, and platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd); and a protective overlayer comprising a third refractory metal oxide, platinum (Pt) and, optionally, palladium (Pd), and a molecular sieve promoted with a metal selected from one or more of Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, V, and, Ag. The oxid-ation catalyst composite is sulfur tolerant.
1. An oxidation catalyst composite for abatement of exhaust gas emissions from a lean burn engine, the catalyst composite comprising:
a carrier substrate having a length, an inlet end and an outlet end, an oxidation catalyst material on the carrier, the oxidation catalyst material comprising:
a first oxidation material including a first refractory metal oxide support, a rare earth oxide component, and palladium (Pd), the first oxidation material being substantially free of platinum;
a second oxidation material including a second refractory metal oxide support, and platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) in a platinum to palladium ratio of 10:1 to 1:10, the second oxidation material being substantially free of rare earth oxide; and
a protective overlayer including a third refractory metal oxide, platinum (Pt) and, optionally, palladium (Pd), and a molecular sieve promoted with a metal selected from one or more of Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, V, and Ag, the protective overlayer being substantially free of a rare earth oxide.
2. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the first oxidation material is in an underlayer on the carrier substrate, the second oxidation material is in a middle layer on the under layer, and the protective overlayer is in an upper layer on the middle layer.
3. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the first oxidation material and second oxidation material are mixed in a blended underlayer on the carrier substrate, and the protective overlayer is an upper layer on the blended underlayer.
4. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the first oxidation material and the second oxidation material are in a zoned underlayer on the carrier substrate, and the protective overlayer is an upper layer on the zoned underlayer.
5. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 4 , wherein the first oxidation material is on the inlet end and the second oxidation material is on the outlet end.
6. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 4 , wherein the second oxidation material is on the inlet end and the first oxidation material is on the outlet end.
7. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, and third refractory metal oxide supports independently comprise an oxide of one or more of alumina, zirconia, alumina-zirconia, lanthana-alumina, lanthana-zirconia-alumina, baria-alumina, baria-lanthana-alumina, baria-lanthana-neodymia-alumina, alumina-chromia.
8. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the first oxidation material comprises palladium in an amount in the range of about 1 g/ft 3 to 70 g/ft 3 , and wherein the second oxidation material comprises palladium and platinum in an amount in the range of about 5 g/ft 3 to about 150 g/ft 3 .
9. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the rare earth oxide is selected from ceria (Ce), lanthana (La), praseodymia (Pr), neodynmia (Nd), europia (Eu), samaria (Sm), ytterbia (Yb), and combinations thereof, and a stabilizer optionally mixed therein, the stabilizer selected from zirconia (Zr), niobia (Nb), yttria (Y), alumina (Al), and combinations thereof.
10. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of Pd to the rare earth oxide is in the range of 1 to 5 by weight, based on the weight of the first oxidation material.
11. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the rare earth oxide component in the first oxidation material is present in an amount in the range 0.1 g/in 3 to 5 g/in 3 .
12. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the rare earth oxide component in the first oxidation material comprises ceria (Ce).
13. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 12 , wherein the Ce is doped with an element selected from Si, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, In, Sn, Ir, Pr, and combinations thereof.
14. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the protective overlayer comprises a molecular sieve having a six, eight, ten, or twelve ring structure.
15. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the molecular sieve is selected from the group consisting of Type A, chabazite, erionite, ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-23, ZSM-48, ferrierite, stilbite, faujasite, mordenite, Type L, Omega, Beta, AlPO 4 , borosilicates, MeAPO, MeAPSO, and SAPO.
16. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of platinum to palladium in the second oxidation material is in the range of 5:1 to 1:5.
17. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of platinum to palladium in the second oxidation material is in the range of 2:1 to 1:1.
18. The oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 , wherein the carrier substrate is selected from a flow-through monolith, a wall-flow filter, a foam, or a mesh.
19. A method for treating a diesel engine exhaust gas stream, the method comprising contacting an exhaust gas stream with the oxidation catalyst composite of of claim 1 , and passing the exhaust gas stream through a downstream SCR catalyst.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the downstream SCR catalyst is disposed on a wall flow filter.
21. A system for treatment of a lean burn engine exhaust gas stream comprising hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and other exhaust components, the system comprising:
an exhaust conduit in fluid communication with a lean burn engine via an exhaust manifold;
the oxidation catalyst composite of claim 1 ; and
a catalyzed soot filter and an SCR catalyst located downstream from the oxidation catalyst composite.
22. The system of claim 21 , wherein the SCR catalyst is present as a washcoat on the catalyzed soot filter.
23. The system of claim 22 , further comprising a second SCR catalyst on a flow through monolith downstream of the SCR catalyst.
24. The system of claim 21 , wherein the SCR catalyst is on a flow through monolith downstream from the oxidation catalyst composite, and the catalyzed soot filter is downstream from the SCR catalyst.
25. The system of claim 21 , wherein the catalyzed soot filter is downstream of the oxidation catalyst composite and the SCR catalyst is on a flow through monolith downstream from the catalyzed soot filter.
26. The system of claim 24 , wherein the catalyzed soot filter comprises a second SCR catalyst.
27. The system of claim 21 , wherein the SCR catalyst comprises a molecular sieve having a double six ring (d6r) unit.
28. The system of claim 21 , wherein the SCR catalyst is selected from CHA, AEI, or AFX framework type zeolite.