Use of cannabinoids in the treatment of epilepsy
The present invention relates to the use of a therapeutically effective amount of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) in the treatment of epilepsy. In one embodiment the CBDA is used in the treatment of generalised seizures, preferably tonic-clonic seizures. Preferably the CBDA used is in the form of a botanical drug substance in which the CBDA content is greater than 60%, and most preferably, it is a highly purified extract of cannabis such that the CBDA is present at greater than 95%, through 96% and 97% to most preferably, greater than 98% of the total extract (w/w) and the other components of the extract are characterised. In particular the cannabinoids tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA) have been substantially removed. Alternatively, the CBDA may be synthetically produced.
1. A method of treating epilepsy in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), wherein the CBDA is in the form of a highly purified extract of cannabis such that the CBDA is present at greater than 95% of the total extract (w/w) or is synthetically produced.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the epilepsy is a generalized epilepsy.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the epilepsy is characterized by tonic-clonic seizures.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the therapeutically effective amount is at least 0.1 mg.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the highly purified extract comprises less than 1% (w/w) tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA).
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the CBDA is administered concomitantly with one or more other cannabinoids.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the one or more other cannabinoids is cannabidiol (CBD).
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the CBDA:CBD ratio is in the range of from 9:1 to 1:9 (CBDA:CBD).
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the CBDA is administered concomitantly with one or more other anti-epileptic drugs (AED).
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the CBDA is administered at a dose of less than 400 mg.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the CBDA is administered at a dose of from 1 mg to 100 mg.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the CBDA is in the form of a highly purified extract of cannabis such that the CBDA is present at greater than 98% of the total extract (w/w).
13. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the CBD is in the form of a highly purified extract of cannabis such that the CBD is present at greater than 95% of the total extract (w/w).
14. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the CBD is in the form of a highly purified extract of cannabis such that the CBD is present at greater than 98% of the total extract (w/w).
15. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the one or more AED is selected from the group consisting of: clobazam; clonazepam, levetiracetam; topiramate; stiripentol; phenobarbital; lacosamide; valproic acid; and zonisamide.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein said administering reduces seizure severity.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein said administering reduces the incidence of seizures.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein said administering reduces the incidence of tonic-clonic seizures.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein said administering increases latency to seizure onset.