PHOTOACTIVATABLE FOULING-RESISTANT COPOLYMERS
A photoactivatable fouling-resistant copolymer composed of a photoactivatable monomer and a hydrophilic monomer is disclosed. The photoactivatable monomer includes an aryl ketone derivative having one or more polar groups or alkyl groups.
1 - 56 . (canceled)
57 . A photoactivatable fouling-resistant copolymer comprising:
(a) a photoactivatable monomer including an aryl ketone derivative having one or more polar groups or alkyl groups, and
(b) a hydrophilic monomer.
58 . The photoactivatable fouling-resistant copolymer of claim 57 having repeating units of formula:
wherein Z1-A-(X1) n is a photoactivatable monomer, A represents an aryl ketone derivative, Z1 represents one or more polar groups or alkyl groups, X1 represents a hydrocarbyl, X2 represents a hydrocarbyl, B represents a hydrophilic moiety, m is an integer of 1 or greater and n is a integer of 0 or greater.
59 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the photoactivatable monomer is present in an amount of 0.1 to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the copolymer.
60 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the hydrophilic monomer is present in an amount of 30 to 99.9% by weight based on the total weight of the copolymer.
61 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the photoactivatable monomer comprises the one or more polar groups or alkyl groups.
62 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the polar group of the photoactivatable monomer comprises at least one of carboxylic acid, a sulfonate group, a nitro group, a hydroxyl, carboxy, amino, amide, phosphate or ether group.
63 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the alkyl group of the photoactivatable monomer or the hydrophilic monomer comprises at least one of a methyl, ethyl, or propyl group.
64 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the copolymer has a weight average molecular weight ranging from 5,000 to 200,000.
65 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the photoactivatable monomer comprises at least one unsaturated group.
66 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the hydrophilic monomer comprises at least one unsaturated group.
67 . The copolymer of claim 65 , wherein the unsaturated group is a methacrylate, acrylate, acrylamide, vinyl group or mixtures thereof.
68 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the photoactivatable monomer has one of following structures:
69 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the hydrophilic monomer is a sulfobetaine monomer, a carboxybetaine monomer, a carboxyammonium monomer or a sulfoammonium monomer.
70 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the copolymer comprises at least 90 mol % of a structure represented by Formula 1:
wherein R is a sulfonate group, a carboxylic group, a methyl group, or a nitro group.
71 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the aryl ketone derivative of the photoactivatable monomer comprises a benzophenone derivative.
72 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the photoactivatable monomer comprises 4-benzoylphenyl methacrylate.
73 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the hydrophilic monomer comprises sulfobetaine methacrylate.
74 . The copolymer of claim 57 , wherein the copolymer is characterized by reducing adsorption of protein at the surface of a substrate by at least 50%.
75 . A substrate having a non-fouling layer disposed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the non-fouling layer comprises the photoactivatable copolymer of claim 57 .
76 . A method of modifying a surface of a substrate comprising: applying a photoactivatable fouling-resistant copolymer in solution to the surface of the substrate, wherein the copolymer comprises a photoactivatable monomer including an aryl ketone derivative having one or more polar groups or alkyl groups, and a hydrophilic monomer; and applying energy to the copolymer in solution to form radical groups that covalently bond to functional groups on the surface of the substrate.