Actuator or sensor device based on an electroactive or photoactive polymer
An actuator or sensor device comprises an electroactive polymer (EAP) arrangement which extends between fixed opposite ends. The electroactive polymer arrangement comprises a passive carrier layer and an active electroactive polymer layer, wherein at or adjacent the ends, the passive carrier layer and the active EAP layer are mounted with one over the other in a first order, and at a middle area between the ends, the carrier layer and the active EAP layer are mounted in an opposite order. This enables internal stresses and moments within the electroactive polymer arrangement to be used more effectively to contribute to displacement or actuation force.
1. A device comprising:
an actuation arrangement,
wherein the actuation arrangement extends between fixed opposite ends,
wherein the actuation arrangement comprises a layer stack, the layer stack comprising:
an active layer comprising an electroactive polymer, and
a passive carrier layer,
wherein at, or adjacent to, at least one of the fixed opposite ends, the passive carrier layer and the active layer are mounted with one over the other in a first order, and at a middle area between the fixed opposite ends, the passive carrier layer and the active layer are mounted with one over the other in a second order, and
wherein the second order is opposite to the first order.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a base,
wherein the actuation arrangement is arranged to bend upwardly in the middle area with respect to the base, and
wherein the first order arranges the passive carrier layer over the active layer.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the actuation arrangement is connected to the fixed opposite ends by the active layer and the passive carrier layer.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the actuation arrangement is connected to at least one of the fixed opposite ends only by the active layer.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein the passive carrier layer comprises end portions and a middle portion, and
wherein the middle portion is mounted over an opposite side of a continuous active layer to the end portions.
6. The device as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein the active layer comprises end portions and a middle portion, and
wherein the middle portion is mounted over an opposite side of a continuous passive carrier layer to the end portions.
7. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in a non-actuated state, the actuation arrangement is formed with a pre-bend.
8. The device as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein in a non-actuated state, the actuation arrangement is flat, and
wherein the device further comprises a pre-shaping feature to make the actuation arrangement bend in a desired direction upon actuation.
9. The device as claimed in claim 1 ,
wherein the active layer comprises one or more electrodes, and
wherein the one more electrodes are arranged for actuating the actuation arrangement.
10. The device as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the one or more electrodes are part of the actuation arrangement.
11. The device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising an optical arrangement,
wherein the active layer further comprises the photoactive polymer, and
wherein the optical arrangement provides actuation radiation to the photoactive polymer.
12. The device as claimed in claim 11 ,
wherein the optical arrangement comprises an element,
wherein the element comprises one or more of: a lens, a mirror, a prism, an optical wire or other light guide, a polarization element, a radiation filter, and a radiation splitter, and
wherein the element(s) are arranged to manipulate the actuation radiation.
13. The device as claimed in claim 9 wherein the one or more electrodes are distributed such that different portions of the actuation arrangement can be actuated independently.
14. The device as claimed hi claim 1 , wherein the passive carrier layer comprises a set surface channels.
15. A device comprising:
an actuation arrangement,
wherein the actuation arrangement extends between fixed opposite ends,
wherein the actuation arrangement comprises a layer stack, the layer stack comprising:
an active layer comprising a photoactive polymer, and
a passive carrier layer,
wherein at, or adjacent to, at least one of the fixed opposite ends, the passive carrier layer and the active layer are mounted with one over the other in a first order, and at a middle area between the fixed opposite ends, the passive carrier layer and the active layer are mounted with one over the other in a second order, and
wherein the second order is opposite to the first order.
16. The device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the device is configured such that that different portions of the actuation arrangement can be actuated independently.
17. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the active layer is planar in a non-actuated state.