Fuel composition
Diesel fuel composition suitable for use in an internal combustion engine comprising: (a) 2 mass % to 30 mass % of kerosene having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 1.5 mm 2 /s or less and a density of 810 kg/m 3 or less; (b) 2 mass % to 20 mass % of Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 7.5 mm 2 /s or greater and a density of 790 kg/m 3 or greater; and (c) diesel base fuel. The diesel fuel composition of the present invention provides improved cold flow properties while simultaneously maintaining other properties such as viscosity and density within diesel fuel specification requirements.
1. A diesel fuel composition suitable for use in an internal combustion engine comprising:
(a) 2 mass % to 30 mass % of Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 1.5 mm 2 /s or less and a density of 810 kg/m 3 or less, wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene consists of at least 95% w/w of paraffinic components, and wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene comprises no more than 3% w/w of cycloparaffins and no more than 1% w/w of olefins, by weight of the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene;
(b) 2 mass % to 20 mass % of Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 7.5 mm 2 /s or greater and a density of 790 kg/m 3 or greater, wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil consists of at least 95% w/w of paraffinic components, and wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil comprises no more than 3% w/w of cycloparaffins and no more than 1% w/w of olefins, by weight of the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil; and
(c) diesel base fuel.
2. The diesel fuel composition according to claim 1 having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 1.9 mm 2 /s or greater.
3. The diesel fuel composition according to claim 1 having a density of 800 kg/m 3 or greater.
4. The diesel fuel composition according to claim 1 having a T95 of 360° C. or less.
5. The diesel fuel composition according to claim 1 having a cloud point in the range from 0° C. to −13° C.
6. The diesel fuel composition according to claim 1 having a CFPP in the range of from −8° C. to −30° C.
7. The diesel fuel composition according to claim 1 wherein the diesel fuel composition comprises 100 ppm or less of middle distillate flow improver additives.
8. The diesel fuel composition according to claim 1 wherein the diesel fuel composition is free of middle distillate flow improver additives.
9. A process for preparing a diesel fuel composition wherein the process comprises the steps of:
(i) blending 2 mass % to 30 mass %, by mass of the diesel fuel composition, of Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene, with 2 mass % to 20 mass %, by mass of the diesel fuel composition, of Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil to form a kerosene-based fuel blend, wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 1.5 mm 2 /s or less and a density of 810 kg/m 3 or less, wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene consists of at least 95% w/w of paraffinic components and wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene comprises no more than 1% w/w of cycloparaffins and no more than 1% w/w of olefins, by weight of the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene, and wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 7.5 mm 2 /s or greater and a density of 790 kg/m 3 or greater, wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil consists of at least 95% w/w of paraffinic components, and wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil comprises no more than 1% w/w of cycloparaffins and no more than 1% w/w of olefins, by weight of the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil; and
(ii) blending the kerosene-based fuel blend produced in step (i) with a diesel base fuel to produce a diesel fuel composition.
10. The diesel fuel composition prepared according to the process of claim 9 .
11. A method of operating a diesel engine or a vehicle which is powered by one or more of said engines, which method comprises a step of introducing into said engine a fuel composition according to claim 1 .