Control method for controlling a fuel injection system, and fuel injection system

1. A control method for controlling a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, the method comprising:

providing a fuel injection system having a high-pressure fuel pump with a pump piston which moves between a bottom dead center and a top dead center (TDC) in a pressure chamber during operation and which serves for highly pressurizing a fuel, having a camshaft for driving the pump piston and having a high-pressure region with at least one injector valve for injecting highly pressurized fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine;

providing a pressure-limiting valve which, when a predefined opening pressure is reached in the high-pressure region discharges fuel from the high-pressure region into the pressure chamber of the high-pressure fuel pump;

detecting a fault situation in the fuel injection system, wherein the predefined opening pressure is overshot in the high-pressure region;

determining a period duration with four evenly distributed quadrants between a first TDC time, at which the pump piston is at the top dead center (TDC), and a second TDC time, at which the pump piston is at the top dead center;

setting an injection time at which the injector valve begins to inject fuel;

providing a camshaft adjuster for adjusting a camshaft angle of the camshaft relative to the pump piston;

adjusting the camshaft angle of the camshaft such that the injection time lies in a duration which extends in a second quadrant of the period duration and/or in a third quadrant of the period duration.

2. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein the fault situation is detected by a high-pressure sensor arranged in the high-pressure region.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the opening pressure of the pressure-limiting valve is set to be lower than a maximum admissible maximum pressure in the high-pressure region and wherein the maximum pressure is defined in particular in a range above 500 bar.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the injection time is set dependent on a fuel demand from the internal combustion engine.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

upon detection of re-entry into a normal mode of the fuel injection system in which the predefined opening pressure is undershot again in the high-pressure region adjustment of the camshaft is ended in a manner dependent on the set injection time.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein, a characteristic map is stored, which assigns every camshaft angle of the camshaft relative to the pump piston at a predetermined TDC time.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least two operating modes of the internal combustion engine are provided, wherein, in an overrun mode, no injection of fuel through the injector valve into the combustion chamber takes place, wherein, in an injection mode, at least one injection of fuel through the injector valve into the combustion chamber takes place, wherein, in the fault situation, the overrun mode of the internal combustion engine is deactivated, such that the internal combustion engine is operated exclusively in the injection mode.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein, a quantity of fuel is injected through the injector valve at a high pressure which is lower than the maximum pressure and which corresponds to an opening pressure of the pressure-limiting valve in the high-pressure region.

9. A fuel injection system for injecting fuel into combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine, the system comprising:

a high-pressure fuel pump with a pump piston which moves between a bottom dead center and a top dead center (TDC) in a pressure chamber during operation and which serves for highly pressurizing a fuel;

a camshaft which drives the pump piston and which has a camshaft adjuster configured to adjust a camshaft angle of the camshaft relative to the pump piston;

at least one injector valve-configured to inject pressurized fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine from a high-pressure region;

a pressure-limiting valve configured to discharge fuel from the high-pressure region into the pressure chamber of the high-pressure fuel pump when a predefined opening pressure is reached in the high-pressure region; and

a control device configured to:

detect a fault situation in the fuel injection system when the predefined opening pressure is overshot in the high-pressure region and,

determine a period duration with four evenly distributed quadrants between a first TDC time, at which the pump piston is at the top dead center, and a second TDC time, at which the pump piston is at the top dead center, and

set an injection time at which the injector valve begins to inject fuel;

and

adjust the camshaft angle of the camshaft relative to the pump piston such that the injection time lies in a duration which extends in a second quadrant of the period duration and/or in a third quadrant of the period duration.

10. The fuel injection system of claim 9 , wherein the fault situation is detected by a high-pressure sensor arranged in the high-pressure region.

11. The fuel injection system of claim 9 , wherein the opening pressure of the pressure-limiting valve is set by the control device to be lower than a maximum admissible maximum pressure in the high-pressure region and wherein the maximum pressure is defined in particular in a range above 500 bar.

12. The fuel injection system of claim 9 , wherein the injection time is set by the control device dependent on a fuel demand from the internal combustion engine.

13. The fuel injection system of claim 9 , wherein:

upon detection by the control device of re-entry into a normal mode of the fuel injection system in which the predefined opening pressure is undershot again in the high-pressure region adjustment of the camshaft is ended in a manner dependent on the set injection time.

14. The fuel injection system of claim 9 , wherein, a characteristic map is stored in memory in the control device, which assigns every camshaft angle of the camshaft relative to the pump piston at a predetermined TDC time.

15. The fuel injection system of claim 9 , wherein at least two operating modes of the internal combustion engine are utilized, wherein, in an overrun mode, no injection of fuel through the injector into the combustion chamber takes place, wherein, in an injection mode, at least one injection of fuel through the injector valve into the combustion chamber takes place, and wherein, in the fault situation, the overrun mode of the internal combustion engine is deactivated, such that the internal combustion engine is operated exclusively in the injection mode.

16. The fuel injection system of claim 15 , wherein, a quantity of fuel is injected through the injector valve at a high pressure which is lower than the maximum pressure and which corresponds to an opening pressure of the pressure-limiting valve in the high-pressure region.