Spot welding method
The present invention provides a spot welding method for a member to be welded constituted of a plurality of steel sheets that are overlapped with each other at at least a welding zone, in which at least an overlapped face of at least one of the plurality of steel sheets at the welding zone is coated with zinc plating, a total sheet thickness t (mm) of the plurality of steel sheets is 1.35 mm or more, a squeeze time St (seconds) from the time when welding electrodes are brought into contact with the member to be welded to the time when electric current flow for welding starts satisfies “0.020≤St”, and a hold time Ht( seconds) after welding from the time when electric current flow for welding between the welding electrodes ends to the time when the welding electrodes and the member to be welded are brought out of contact satisfies “0.015t 2 +0.020≤Ht”.
1. A spot welding method for a member to be welded constituted of a plurality of steel sheets that are overlapped at least at a welding zone,
wherein the member to be welded includes at least one steel sheet which is coated with zinc plating at at least an overlapped face at the welding zone, and a total sheet thickness t (mm) of the plurality of steel sheets is 2.4 mm or more,
a squeeze time St (seconds) from when welding electrodes are brought into contact with the member to be welded to when electric current flow for welding starts satisfies Expression 1, and a hold time Ht (seconds) after welding from when electric current flow for welding between the welding electrodes ends to when the welding electrodes and the member to be welded are brought out of contact satisfies Expression 2, and
wherein immediately before the welding electrodes are brought into contact with the member to be welded, one or two or more of the following conditions (a) to (d) are satisfied;
(a) a state in which an axial core of the welding electrode and a perpendicular line of a surface of the steel sheet that is brought into contact with the welding electrode are not parallel with each other;
(b) a state in which a distance from a front end section of one welding electrode to a surface of one steel sheet and a distance from a front end section of the other welding electrode to a surface of the other steel sheet are different from each other;
(c) a state in which an axial core of the other welding electrode is shifted from an extended line of an axial core of one welding electrode; and
(d) a state in which a gap is provided between the overlapped faces at the welding zone,
0.020≤St (Expression 1)
0.015 t 2 +0.020≤Ht (Expression 2).
2. The spot welding method according to claim 1 ,
wherein the hold time Ht (seconds) after welding and the squeeze time St (seconds) further satisfy Expression 3,
Ht+St≤0.20 t 2 −0.40 t +1.50 (Expression 3).
3. The spot welding method according to claim 2 ,
wherein at least one of the plurality of steel sheets is a high strength steel sheet having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more.
4. The spot welding method according to claim 3 ,
wherein pre-energizing is performed and a start time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization start time of the pre-energizing,
wherein the pre-energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.4 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 20 msec or longer.
5. The spot welding method according to claim 3 ,
wherein post energizing is performed and an end time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization end time of the post energizing,
wherein the post energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.6 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 1 to 500 msec.
6. The spot welding method according to claim 3 ,
wherein pre-energizing is performed and a start time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization start time of the pre-energizing, and
post energizing is performed and an end time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization end time of the post energizing,
wherein the pre-energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.4 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 20 msec or longer and the post energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.6 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 1 to 500 msec.
7. The spot welding method according to claim 2 ,
wherein pre-energizing is performed and a start time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization start time of the pre-energizing,
wherein the pre-energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.4 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 20 msec or longer.
8. The spot welding method according to claim 2 ,
wherein post energizing is performed and an end time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization end time of the post energizing,
wherein the post energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.6 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 1 to 500 msec.
9. The spot welding method according to claim 2 ,
wherein pre-energizing is performed and a start time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization start time of the pre-energizing, and
post energizing is performed and an end time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization end time of the post energizing,
wherein the pre-energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.4 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 20 msec or longer and the post energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.6 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 1 to 500 msec.
10. The spot welding method according to claim 1 ,
wherein at least one of the plurality of steel sheets is a high strength steel sheet having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more.
11. The spot welding method according to claim 10 ,
wherein pre-energizing is performed and a start time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization start time of the pre-energizing,
wherein the pre-energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.4 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 20 msec or longer.
12. The spot welding method according to claim 10 ,
wherein post energizing is performed and an end time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization end time of the post energizing,
wherein the post energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.6 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 1 to 500 msec.
13. The spot welding method according to claim 10 ,
wherein pre-energizing is performed and a start time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization start time of the pre-energizing, and
post energizing is performed and an end time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization end time of the post energizing,
wherein the pre-energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.4 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 20 msec or longer and the post energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.6 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 1 to 500 msec.
14. The spot welding method according to claim 1 ,
wherein pre-energizing is performed and a start time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization start time of the pre-energizing,
wherein the pre-energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.4 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 20 msec or longer.
15. The spot welding method according to claim 1 ,
wherein post energizing is performed and an end time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization end time of the post energizing,
wherein the post energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.6 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 1 to 500 msec.
16. The spot welding method according to claim 1 ,
wherein pre-energizing is performed and a start time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization start time of the pre-energizing, and
post energizing is performed and an end time of the electric current flow for welding is an energization end time of the post energizing,
wherein the pre-energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.4 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 20 msec or longer and the post energizing is a state wherein an electric current value is 0.6 to 1 times an electric current for welding that is held for 1 to 500 msec.