Copolyamide compositions with reduced crystallization rates
A copolyamide composition comprising a statistical copolyamide containing 70-99 wt % of diamine and dicarboxylic acid repeat units and 1-30 wt % of lactam or AA-BB repeat units, whereby incorporation of the comonomer lactam or AA-BB unit reduces the crystallization rate (longer crystallization times) while maintaining (1) high melting point, (2) low potential plate out, (3) low oxygen permeation, (4) high tensile strength and (5) puncture/tear resistance.
1. A copolyamide composition comprising a copolyamide of Formula (4) or Formula (5)
wherein in Formula (4):
c=75-99 wt %;
d=4 or 6-12, where the methylene groups are unsubstituted; and
e=1-25 wt %;
wherein in Formula (5):
c=75-99 wt %;
f=2-3 or 5-16;
g=2-4 or 7-16, where the methylene groups are unsubstituted; and
h=1-25 wt %,
wherein the copolyamides of Formula (4) and Formula (5) each has a relative viscosity according to ASTM D789 (9.34) in a range of 60-350 and a melting point greater than 220° C.
2. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a final copper concentration of greater than 60 ppm and less than 500 ppm.
3. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a lubricant selected from the group consisting of aluminum distearate, zinc stearate and calcium stearate.
4. The copolyamide composition according to claim 3 , wherein the lubricant is at a concentration of between 500 and 1,000 ppm.
5. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , further comprising an anti-block agent selected from the group consisting of N,N′-ethylene bis-steramide and stearyl erucamide.
6. The copolyamide composition according to claim 5 , wherein the anti-block agent is at a concentration of between 1,000 and 2,000 ppm.
7. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , further comprising an anti-block agent that is diatomaceous earth.
8. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 where c is 90 and e is 10 for the copolyamide of Formula (4), and wherein the copolyamides of Formula (4) and Formula (5) each has a relative viscosity of 90-230.
9. The copolyamide composition according to claim 8 , wherein the relative viscosity is 100-200.
10. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 where c is 90 and h is 10 for the copolyamide of Formula (5), and wherein the copolyamides of Formula (4) and Formula (5) each has a relative viscosity of 90-230.
11. The copolyamide composition according to claim 10 , wherein the relative viscosity is 100-200.
12. A cast film comprising the copolyamide composition according to claim 1 .
13. The cast film according to claim 12 and having an ultimate tensile strength of greater than 100 MPa and less than 140 MPa, an elongation to break of greater than 350% and less than 600%, a tear strength according to ASTM D1922 of greater than 50 grams and less than 150 grams, a Dart drop puncture resistance according to ASTM D1709 of greater than 2,000 grams, and an oxygen transmission rate of no greater than 1.5 cm 3 /100 in 2 -day-atm.
14. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , wherein the copolyamides of Formula (4) and Formula (5) each has a crystallization rate of at least 10× slower than a PA66 homopolymer at less than or equal to 200° C. and an overall isothermal crystallization behavior substantially similar to Nylon6.
15. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , wherein the copolyamides of Formula (4) and Formula (5) each has a crystallization rate of at least 20× slower than a PA66 homopolymer at less than or equal to 200° C.
16. The copolyamide composition according to claim 14 , wherein the copolyamides of Formula (4) and Formula (5) each has a semi-crystallization rate less than Nylon6 while possessing a melting point of at least 15° C. greater than Nylon6.
17. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , wherein the copolyamides of Formula (4) and Formula (5) each exhibits biaxial orientation allowing for at least 25% greater stretching ability, a higher melting point, and up to 40% greater puncture resistance than Nylon6.
18. A blown film comprising the copolyamide composition according to claim 1 .
19. A biaxially oriented film comprising the copolyamide composition according to claim 1 .
20. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , wherein the copolyamides of Formula (4) and Formula (5) each has a biaxial orientation sufficient to cause a greater stretching ability, a higher melting point, and greater puncture resistance than Nylon6.
21. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , wherein the copolyamide is of Formula (4).
22. The copolyamide composition according to claim 1 , wherein the copolyamide is of Formula (5).