Negative electrode active material, method of preparing the same, negative electrode including the same and lithium secondary battery including the same
The present invention relates to a negative electrode active material including a secondary particle in which primary particles are aggregated, wherein the primary particle includes: a core including one or more of silicon and a silicon compound; and a surface layer which is disposed on a surface of the core and contains carbon, wherein an average particle size D 50 of the core is in a range of 0.5 μm to 20 μm, a method of preparing the same, an electrode including the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
1. A negative electrode active material, comprising a secondary particle in which primary particles are aggregated,
wherein the primary particle includes:
a core including one or more of silicon and a silicon compound; and
a surface layer which is disposed on a surface of the core and contains carbon,
wherein an average particle size D 50 of the core is in a range of 0.5 μm to 20 μm,
wherein a porosity between the primary particles is in the range of 2% to 50% based on the total volume of the secondary particle, and
wherein the surface layer is included at 2 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the core.
2. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon compound is a silicon oxide (SiO x , 0<x<2) in which silicon is dispersed in a silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) matrix.
3. The negative electrode active material according to claim 2 , wherein the silicon includes one or more of an amorphous silicon and a crystalline silicon having a crystal size of more than 0 to 30 nm or less.
4. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the core is a porous core including a plurality of pores.
5. The negative electrode active material according to claim 4 , wherein an internal porosity of the porous core is in a range of 5% to 90% based on the total volume of the porous core.
6. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the surface layer is in a range of 1 to 100 nm.
7. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the average particle size D 50 of the secondary particle is in a range of 2 to 50 μm.
8. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary particle further includes a carbon layer which is disposed on a surface of the secondary particle and contains carbon.
9. The negative electrode active material according to claim 8 , wherein a thickness of the carbon layer is in a range of 5 to 100 nm.
10. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the negative electrode active material further comprises a graphite-based active material particle,
wherein a weight ratio of the secondary particle and the graphite-based active material particle is in a range of 1:1 to 1:49.
11. A method of preparing the negative electrode active material of claim 1 , comprising:
preparing the core including one or more of silicon or a silicon compound and having an average particle size D 50 of 0.5 to 20 μm (Step 1);
forming the surface layer containing carbon on the surface of the core to form the primary particle (Step 2); and
forming the secondary particle by aggregating the primary particles (Step 3).
12. A negative electrode, comprising the negative electrode active material according to claim 1 .
13. A lithium secondary battery, comprising the negative electrode according to claim 12 .