Cathode active material, positive electrode for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery
To provide a cathode active material capable of obtaining a lithium ion secondary battery which has a high discharge capacity and of which a decrease of the discharge capacity when a charge and discharge cycle is repeatedly carried out is suppressed, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery. A cathode active material comprising a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the formula aLi(Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 )O 2 .(1−a)LiMO 2 (wherein M is an element containing at least Ni and Mn, and 0<a<1), wherein in an X-ray diffraction pattern, the integral breadth of a peak of (110) plane assigned to a crystal structure with space group C2/m is at most 1.25 deg.
1. A cathode active material comprising a lithium-containing composite oxide represented by the formula aLi(Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 )O 2 .(1−a)LiMO 2 , wherein M is an element containing at least Ni and Mn, and 0<a<1,
wherein in an X-ray diffraction pattern, the integral breadth of a peak of (110) plane assigned to a crystal structure with space group C2/m is at most 1.25 deg, and
wherein in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the lithium-containing composite oxide, the ratio of the height (H 110 ) of a peak of (110) plane assigned to a crystal structure with space group C2/m to the height (H 003 ) of a peak of (003) plane assigned to a crystal structure with space group R-3m (i.e. H 110 /H 003 ) is from 0.06 to 0.15.
2. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein in the lithium-containing composite oxide, by the molar ratio to the total molar amount (X) of Ni, Co and Mn, the Ni ratio (Ni/X) is from 0.15 to 0.55, the Co ratio (Co/X) is from 0 to 0.09, and the Mn ratio (Mn/X) is from 0.33 to 0.8.
3. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium-containing composite oxide is represented by the formula aLi(Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 )O 2 .(1−a)LiNi α Co β Mn γ M′ δ O 2 , wherein M′ is at least one member selected from the group consisting of F, Mg, Al, Cr, Fe, Ti and Zr, “a” is more than 0 and less than 1, and α+β+γ+δ=1.
4. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the lithium-containing composite oxide, the ratio of the minimum value at 2θ of from 20.8 deg to 21.5 deg to the maximum value at 2θ of from 21 deg to 22 deg (i.e. minimum value/maximum value) is at most 0.56.
5. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the specific surface area of the cathode active material is from 0.1 to 10 m 2 /g.
6. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the average particle size (D50) of the cathode active material is from 3 to 30 μm.
7. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the lithium-containing composite oxide, the crystallite diameter obtained by the Scherrer equation from a peak of (003) plane assigned to a crystal structure with space group R-3m is from 60 to 140 nm.
8. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the lithium-containing composite oxide, the crystallite diameter obtained by the Scherrer equation from a peak of (110) plane assigned to a crystal structure with space group R-3m is from 30 to 90 nm.
9. A positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, which comprises the cathode active material as defined in claim 1 , an electrically conductive material and a binder.
10. A lithium ion secondary battery, which comprises the positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery as defined in claim 9 , a negative electrode, a separator and a non-aqueous electrolyte.
11. The cathode active material according to claim 1 , wherein in the formula, a is at least 0.5 and less than 1.