Conversion of biomass into a liquid hydrocarbon material
A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass-containing feedstock and/or a biomass-derived feedstock is provided. The process comprises: a) contacting the feedstock with a hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel to produce a product stream comprising a partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H 2 O, H 2 , CO 2 , CO, C 1 -C 3 gases, char and catalyst fines; b) removing char and catalyst fines from said product stream; c) cooling the remaining product stream to a temperature in the range of from 150 to 400° C.; and d) hydroconverting said partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in a hydroconversion reactor in the presence of one or more catalyst compositions suitable for hydrodeoxygenation and aromatic saturation of the partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in the presence of H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gas generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising a C 4+ hydrocarbon product.
1. A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from at least one of a biomass-containing feedstock and a biomass-derived feedstock, the process comprising the steps of:
a) contacting the biomass-containing feedstock and/or biomass-derived feedstock with a hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel at a temperature in a range of from 350 to 600° C., a pressure in a range of from 0.50 to 7.50 MPa and a WHSV of greater than 2.0 kg(biomass)/hour/kg(catalyst), to produce a product stream comprising a partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H 2 O, H 2 , CO 2 , CO, C 1 -C 3 gases, char and catalyst fines;
b) removing all or a portion of the char and catalyst fines from the product stream thereby producing a remaining product stream;
c) cooling the remaining product stream to a temperature in the range of from 150 to 400° C.; and
d) hydroconverting all or a portion of the partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in a hydroconversion reactor in the presence of: (i) one or more catalyst compositions suitable for hydrodeoxygenation and aromatic saturation of the partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, and (ii) the H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising a C4+ hydrocarbon product, H 2 O, CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases, wherein at least one of the one or more catalyst compositions in the hydroconversion reactor comprises one or more active metals selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum on an oxide support.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydropyrolysis catalyst composition comprises one or more active metals selected from cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, ruthenium, platinum, palladium, iridium and iron, supported on a metal oxide support.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the WHSV in the hydropyrolysis reactor vessel is no more than 6 h −1 .
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step c) the remaining product stream is cooled to a temperature in the range of from 250 to 350° C.
5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein before or after cooling the remaining product stream is subjected to sulfur removal.
6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the one or more active metals present in the one or more catalyst compositions in the hydroconversion reactor are selected from palladium and platinum.
7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydroconversion reactor is a fixed bed reactor.
8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein after step d), the vapour phase product is condensed to provide a liquid phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid and aqueous material, which are then separated.
9. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid comprises no more than 1 wt % of the oxygen present in the biomass-containing and/or biomass-derived feedstock.
10. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid is then subjected to distillation.
11. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the one or more catalyst compositions in the hydroconversion reactor further comprises a second catalyst composition comprising one or more active metals selected from cobalt, molybdenum, nickel and tungsten.
12. A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from at least one of a biomass-containing feedstock and a biomass-derived feedstock, the process comprising the steps of:
a) contacting the biomass-containing feedstock and/or biomass-derived feedstock with a hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel at a temperature in a range of from 350 to 600° C., a pressure in a range of from 0.50 to 7.50 MPa and a WHSV of greater than 2.0 kg(biomass)/hour/kg(catalyst), to produce a product stream comprising a partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H 2 O, H 2 , CO 2 , CO, C 1 -C 3 gases, char and catalyst fines;
b) removing all or a portion of the char and catalyst fines from the product stream thereby producing a remaining product stream;
c) cooling the remaining product stream to a temperature in the range of from 150 to 400° C.; and
d) hydroconverting all or a portion of the partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in a hydroconversion reactor in the presence of: (i) one or more catalyst compositions suitable for hydrodeoxygenation and aromatic saturation of the partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, and (ii) the H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, H 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising a C4+ hydrocarbon product, H 2 O, CO, CO 2 , and C 1 -C 3 gases, wherein the one or more catalyst compositions in the hydroconversion reactor comprises a first catalyst composition comprising one or more active metals selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum, and a second catalyst composition comprising one or more active metals selected from cobalt, molybdenum, nickel and tungsten.
13. The process as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the hydropyrolysis catalyst composition comprises one or more active metals selected from cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, ruthenium, platinum, palladium, iridium and iron, supported on a metal oxide support.
14. The process as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the WHSV in the hydropyrolysis reactor vessel is no more than 6 h −1 .
15. The process as claimed in claim 12 , wherein in step c) the remaining product stream is cooled to a temperature in the range of from 250 to 350° C.
16. The process as claimed in claim 12 , wherein after step d), the vapour phase product is condensed to provide a liquid phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid and aqueous material, which are then separated.
17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid comprises no more than 1 wt % of the oxygen present in the biomass-containing and/or biomass-derived feedstock.
18. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid is then subjected to distillation.