Methods of determining catheter orientation
Systems, devices and methods of determining orientation of a distal end of a medical instrument (e.g., electrode-tissue orientation of an RF ablation catheter) are described herein. One or more processors may be configured to receive temperature measurements from each of a plurality of temperature-measurement devices distributed along a length of the distal end of the medical instrument and determine the orientation from a group of two or more possible orientation options based on whether temperature measurement values or characteristics of temperature response determined from the temperature measurement values satisfy one or more orientation criteria.
1. A method of determining an orientation of a distal end of an ablation catheter with respect to a target region, the method comprising:
receiving signals indicative of temperature from a plurality of temperature sensors distributed along the distal end of the ablation catheter at a first plurality of time points over a first period of time;
determining temperature measurement values at each of the first plurality of time points for each of the plurality of temperature sensors;
at each time point of the first plurality of time points, determining an orientation of the distal end of the ablation catheter relative to the target region based on a first set of orientation criteria applied to the determined temperature measurement values;
receiving signals indicative of temperature from the plurality of temperature sensors at a second plurality of time points over a second period of time after the first period of time;
determining temperature measurement values at each of the second plurality of time points for each of the plurality of temperature sensors;
determining an orientation of the distal end of the ablation catheter relative to the target region based on a second set of orientation criteria applied to the determined temperature measurement values at each of the second plurality of time points, the second set of orientation criteria being different than the first set of orientation criteria.
2. The method of claim 1 :
wherein the first period of time corresponds to a temperature rise phase and wherein the second period of time corresponds to a steady state phase,
wherein the first period of time is between 1 and 20 seconds after initial application of ablative energy,
wherein the first set of orientation criteria comprises comparisons of time-based characteristics of temperature responses of at least two of the plurality of temperature sensors, and
wherein the second set of orientation criteria comprises comparisons of temperature measurement values of at least two of the plurality of temperature sensors.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first period of time is between 1 and 20 seconds after initial application of ablative energy.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of orientation criteria comprises time-dependent conditions.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of orientation criteria comprises static conditions.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of orientation criteria comprises comparisons of time-based characteristics of temperature responses of at least two of the plurality of temperature sensors.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of orientation criteria comprises comparisons of temperature measurement values of at least two of the plurality of temperature sensors.