Enhanced delivery epinephrine compositions
Pharmaceutical compositions having enhanced active component permeation properties are described.
1. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising:
a polymeric matrix;
a pharmaceutically active component including epinephrine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof in the polymeric matrix; and
an adrenergic receptor interacter that creates increased blood flow or enables a flushing of the tissue to modify transmucosal uptake of the pharmaceutically active component, the adrenergic receptor interacter including a phenylpropanoid, and enhances permeation of the epinephrine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof through an oral mucosal barrier by utilizing at least a paracellular transport route or mechanism.
2. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a permeation enhancer.
3. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2 , wherein the permeation enhancer includes farnesol or a glyceride.
4. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2 , wherein the permeation enhancer includes linoleic acid.
5. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a chewable or gelatin based dosage form, spray, gum, gel, cream, tablet, liquid or film.
6. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the phenylpropanoid is eugenol or eugenol acetate.
7. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the phenylpropanoid is a cinnamic acid, cinnamic acid ester, cinnamic aldehyde or hydrocinnamic acid.
8. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the phenylpropanoid is chavicol.
9. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the phenylpropanoid is safrole.
10. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the interacter is a phytoextract.
11. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 , wherein the phytoextract further includes an essential oil extract of a clove plant.
12. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 , wherein the phytoextract further includes an essential oil extract of a leaf of a clove plant.
13. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 , wherein the phytoextract further includes an essential oil extract of a flower bud of a clove plant.
14. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 , wherein the phytoextract further includes an essential oil extract of a stem of a clove plant.
15. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 , wherein the phytoextract is synthetic or biosynthetic.
16. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10 , wherein the phytoextract further includes 40-95% eugenol.
17. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the interacter further includes a terpene or a sesquiterpene.
18. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix includes a soluble polymer.
19. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18 , wherein the polymer is a water soluble polymer.
20. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18 , wherein the polymer includes a polyethylene oxide.
21. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18 , wherein the polymer includes a cellulosic polymer is selected from the group of: hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methylcellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose.
22. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18 , wherein the polymeric matrix comprises a cellulosic polymer, polyethylene oxide and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide and a polysaccharide, polyethylene oxide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and a polysaccharide, or polyethylene oxide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polysaccharide and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
23. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18 , wherein the polymeric matrix comprises at least one polymer selected from the group of: pullulan, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol, xanthan gum, tragancanth gum, guar gum, acacia gum, arabic gum, polyacrylic acid, methylmethacrylate copolymer, carboxyvinyl copolymers, starch, gelatin, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide co-polymers, collagen, albumin, poly-amino acids, polyphosphazenes, polysaccharides, chitin, and chitosan.
24. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a stabilizer.
25. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymeric matrix comprises a dendritic polymer or a hyperbranched polymer.
26. A method of making a pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 comprising:
combining the interacter that includes a phenylpropanoid with the pharmaceutically active component including epinephrine and
forming a pharmaceutical composition including the interacter, the polymeric matrix and the pharmaceutically active component.
27. A device comprising
a housing that holds an amount of a pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , and
an opening that dispenses a predetermined amount of the pharmaceutical composition.
28. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is contained in a multilayer film having at least one side where the edges are coterminous.
29. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically active component includes dipivefrin.
30. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric matrix includes a cellulose, a cellulose derivative or a gum.
31. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , further comprising a surfactant.
32. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 31 , wherein the surfactant is a caprylocaproyl polyoxylglyceride.