Compositions for enhanced oil recovery
Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for increasing recovery, or flowback, of hydrocarbon compounds from hydrocarbon-containing subterranean reservoirs. The flowback compositions include an anionic sulfonated surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, water, and a coupling agent. The flowback compositions convert oil-wet rocks to water-wet, yet exhibit a low tendency of composition components to sorb to the rock. The flowback compositions do not cause formation of emulsions with hydrocarbon compounds within the subterranean environment. The flowback compositions are particularly useful for increasing the yield of hydrocarbons recovered from tight shale reservoirs.
1. A method of increasing recovery of crude oil from a subterranean reservoir, the method comprising:
(a) selecting an anionic surfactant comprising a sulfonate ion and a first hydrophobic portion;
(b) selecting an amphoteric surfactant comprising a sulfonate ion and a second hydrophobic portion, wherein the first and second hydrophobic portions have a same or substantially a same chemical structure:
(c) forming a flowback concentrate comprising the anionic surfactant, the amphoteric surfactant, a coupling agent or mixture thereof, and water,
wherein the total amount of surfactants in the flowback concentrate is about 20 wt % to 50 wt % and the flowback concentrate does not include surfactants having internal carboxylate anionic moieties or internal carboxylic acid moieties;
(d) forming a flowback injectate by combining about 99 wt % to 99.999 wt % a water source and about 0.001 wt % to 1 wt % the flowback concentrate;
(e) injecting the flowback injectate into the subterranean reservoir; and
(f) collecting a hydrocarbon from the subterranean reservoir.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the subterranean reservoir is a tight shale reservoir.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the water source is a high total dissolved solids water source, a high temperature water source, or a high total dissolved solids, high temperature water source.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the combining is carried out contemporaneously with the injecting.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of anionic surfactant to amphoteric surfactant in the flowback concentrate is about 1:2 to 3:1.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of water to coupling agent in the flowback concentrate is about 1:10 to 1:2.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amphoteric surfactant is selected from the group consisting of lauryl sulfobetaine, caprylyl sulfobetaine, myristyl sulfobetaine, Sulfobetaine 10, Sulfobetaine 3-14, Sulfobetaine 3-10, lauryl hydroxysultaine, and myristamidopropyl hydroxysultaine.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises storing the flowback concentrate for one week to two years at temperatures between about 0° C. and 100° C., wherein the flowback concentrate is pumpable or pourable at temperatures between about 0° C. and 100° C.
9. A method of increasing recovery of crude oil from a subterranean reservoir, the method comprising:
(a) selecting a surfactant pair including lauryl hydroxy sultaine and an anionic surfactant comprising a sulfonate group and a linear dodecyl chain with a hydroxyl group bonded to the dodecyl chain;
(b) forming a flowback concentrate comprising the surfactant pair, a coupling agent, and water, wherein the total amount of surfactants in the flowback concentrate is about 20 wt % to 50 wt % and the flowback concentrate does not include surfactants having internal carboxylate anionic moieties or internal carboxylic acid moieties;
(c) forming a flowback injectate by combining about 99 wt % to 99.999 wt % a water source and about 0.001 wt % to 1 wt % the flowback concentrate;
(d) injecting the flowback injectate into the subterranean reservoir; and
(e) collecting a hydrocarbon from the subterranean reservoir.