Thermal therapy with dynamic anatomical boundaries using MRI-based temperature uncertainty maps
Temperature uncertainty maps are calculated based on a rolling window of temperature maps, which is updated as new temperature maps are generated. The rolling window mitigates the effect of transient motion during a thermal therapy procedure. A clinician or an automated control system can then update a portion of an anatomical boundary or the thermal therapy applicator center based on the temperature uncertainty map.
1. A method for dynamically delivering thermal therapy to a target volume within a patient's body, comprising:
(a) determining an anatomical boundary corresponding to the target volume for delivery of thermal therapy thereto;
(b) using a thermal therapy applicator comprising an ultrasound transducer array, delivering a thermal therapy dose to said target volume;
(c) in a computer, receiving N sets of temperature data for pixels corresponding to a portion of a patient's body, each set of temperature data corresponding to a respective capture time of phase images captured using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device, wherein N is greater than or equal to M, and M is a rolling capture time window;
(d) in the computer, for each of the past M capture times, determining a corrected temperature at each pixel;
(e) in the computer, for each pixel, calculating a temperature uncertainty based on said corrected temperature at each of the past M capture times
(f) in the computer, receiving a new set of the temperature data;
(g) in the computer, for the new set of temperature data, determining the corrected temperature at each pixel;
(h) in the computer, for each pixel, calculating an updated temperature uncertainty based on the past M capture times, the past M capture times including the new set of temperature data and excluding an oldest set of temperature data corresponding to an oldest capture time that was used to determine a last temperature uncertainty;
(i) repeating steps (f)-(h) to calculate, for each pixel, a dynamically updated temperature uncertainty while delivering the thermal therapy dose to said target volume;
(j) in the computer, receiving a request to modify a location of the anatomical boundary;
(k) in the computer, modifying the location of the anatomical boundary to a modified location;
(I) in the computer, determining if the dynamically updated temperature uncertainty for each pixel corresponding to the modified location of the anatomical boundary is below a threshold temperature uncertainty;
(j) generating an alert, with the computer, when the dynamically updated temperature uncertainty for the modified location of the anatomical boundary is greater than or equal to the threshold temperature uncertainty; and
(k) with the computer, automatically updating a thermal therapy controller with the modified location of the anatomical boundary when the dynamically updated temperature uncertainty for the modified location of the anatomical boundary is below the threshold temperature uncertainty.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature uncertainty and the updated temperature uncertainty correspond to a standard deviation of said corrected temperature at each pixel across the past M capture times.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pausing the delivery of the thermal therapy dose before modifying the location of the anatomical boundary.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
receiving a request to modify a location of a thermal therapy applicator center;
in the computer, modifying the location of the thermal therapy applicator center to a modified center location;
with the computer, automatically updating the thermal therapy controller with the modified center location when the dynamically updated temperature uncertainty for the modified location of the anatomical boundary is below the threshold temperature uncertainty; and
generating the alert, with the computer, when the temperature uncertainty for the modified location of the anatomical boundary is greater than or equal to the threshold temperature uncertainty.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, in the computer, validating the anatomical boundary to confirm that the dynamically updated temperature uncertainty for the modified location of the anatomical boundary is below the threshold temperature uncertainty.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising, in the computer, calculating a standard deviation at each point along the anatomical boundary across the past M capture times.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, in the computer, generating a temperature uncertainty map, the temperature uncertainty map including the dynamically updated temperature uncertainty for each pixel.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising displaying the temperature uncertainty map on a display coupled to the computer.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising detrending the corrected temperature at each pixel across the past M capture times to form detrended temperature data.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising performing a linear regression of the corrected temperature at each pixel across the past M capture times.
11. The method of claim 9 , further comprising calculating a standard deviation of the detrended temperature data at each pixel.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising determining the temperature uncertainty based on the standard deviation of the detrended temperature data at each pixel.