Transducers with improved impedance matching
A transducer ( 140 ) having a mechanical impedance over an operative frequency range and having a desired power coupling ( 145 ) to a load over the operative frequency range comprises a piezoelectric device ( 141 ) having a frequency distribution of modes in the operative frequency range; and an overmould ( 143 ). The overmould ( 143 ) is arranged to surround at least part of the piezoelectric device ( 141 ); and the parameters of the overmould ( 143 ) are selected to provide a required impedance matching between the mechanical impedance of the transducer ( 140 ) and the mechanical impedance of the load. An alternative transducer comprises a mounting means for holding a discrete portion of at least a part of the periphery of the piezoelectric device wherein the parameters of the mounting means are selected to provide a required boundary condition for the periphery of the piezoelectric device whereby the desired power coupling between the transducer and the load is provided.
1. A device comprising:
a touch screen; and
a transducer coupled to the touch screen, the transducer comprising:
a piezoelectric beam, supporting on at least one major surface a polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30;
a mechanical ground; and
at least two supports coupling the mechanical ground and the piezoelectric beam at opposite lateral ends of the beam in an arrangement that permits pivotal movement of the beam about the supports and reduces translational movement about the supports;
wherein each support comprises an elastomer having a Shore A hardness more than 40 and a Shore D hardness less than 100; and
wherein the beam and the touch screen are coupled at one of the at least one major surface.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30 is an elastomer or a rubber.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of Shore A hardness encapsulates the beam.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the supports each have thickness of 1 mm or greater.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the supports each have thickness of less than 1 mm.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30 has a thickness of 0.5 mm or greater in a direction perpendicular to a plane defined by the beam.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30 has a thickness of less than 0.5 mm in a direction perpendicular to a plane defined by the beam.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the beam comprises a uni-morph.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the beam comprises a bi-morph.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the lateral ends of the beam partially extend into each of the at least two supports.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein each support has a restraining layer surrounding substantially all surfaces of the respective support, wherein each respective layer prevents each respective support from changes in volume.
12. A device comprising:
a touch screen; and
a transducer coupled to the touch screen, the transducer comprising:
a piezoelectric beam, supporting on at least one major surface a polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30; and
a coupler coupling the beam and the touchscreen, the coupler comprising an elastomer having a Shore A hardness more than 40 and a Shore D hardness less than 100.
13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the coupler is positioned at the center of the beam.
14. The device of claim 12 , wherein the coupler is positioned at one of the lateral edges of the beam.
15. The device of claim 12 , wherein the polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30 is an elastomer or a rubber.
16. The device of claim 12 , wherein the polymer of Shore A hardness encapsulates the beam.
17. The device of claim 12 , wherein the polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30 has a thickness of 0.5 mm or greater in a direction perpendicular to a plane defined by the beam.
18. The device of claim 12 , wherein the polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30 has a thickness of less than 0.5 mm in a direction perpendicular to a plane defined by the beam.
19. The device of claim 12 , wherein the beam comprises a uni-morph or a bi-morph.
20. The device of claim 12 , further comprising one or more supports coupling the beam and the touchscreen, wherein the one or more supports comprise a polymer of Shore A hardness less than 30.