APPARATUS FOR REDUCING SCATTERING AND METHODS OF USING AND MAKING SAME

1 . An apparatus for reducing scattering, comprising:

a first component including a plurality of curved segments, each curved segment including a first reflective material and being rotationally invariant about an axis of revolution, wherein the plurality of curved segments form an enclosed cavity about the axis of revolution; and

a second component including a second reflective material and being positioned external to the enclosed cavity, wherein the second component has a longitudinal axis parallel to the axis of revolution.

2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first reflective material is the same as the second reflective material.

3 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first reflective material or the second reflective material includes a metal.

4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of curved segments includes two curved segments.

5 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of curved segments is defined by a surface of revolution of a segment of a parabola about the axis of revolution.

6 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second component defines a cylinder positioned about and external to the first component.

7 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is configured to receive an incident wave having a first impact parameter and provide an exiting wave having a second impact parameter, wherein the second impact parameter is equal to the first impact parameter.

8 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is configured to receive an incident wave having a first impact parameter and provide an exiting wave having a second impact parameter, wherein the second impact parameter is greater or equal to about 90% of the first impact parameter and less than 110% of the first impact parameter.

9 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first component is configured to focus a plurality of incident waves on a focal point of the second component.

10 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a first curved segment of the plurality of curved segments is configured to focus a plurality of incident waves on a focal point of the second component; and wherein the second component is configured to redirect the focused waves from the focal point onto a second curved segment of the plurality of curved segments.

11 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a first curved segment of the plurality of curved segments is configured to focus a first portion of an incident plane wave on a focal point of a first portion of the second component;

wherein the first portion of the second component is configured to redirect the focused waves from the focal point onto a second curved segment of the plurality of curved segments; and

wherein the second curved segment is configured to expand the redirected and focused waves into a first portion of a plane wave exiting the apparatus.

12 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first and second components are configured to reduce scattering of a signal, and wherein the signal includes electromagnetic radiation.

13 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is a part of an electromagnetic transducer.

14 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic transducer includes at least one of an antenna, a communications device, and a radar device.

15 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first and second components are configured to cooperatively reduce scattering of waves transmitted through the apparatus.

16 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the waves include electromagnetic waves.

17 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first and second components include mirrored surfaces.

18 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the waves include acoustic waves.

19 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the acoustic waves propagate through air.

20 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the acoustic waves propagate through water.