Active suspension with structural actuator
An active suspension system is configured in a strut arrangement. The active suspension system comprises a hydraulic actuator and a hydraulic pump/electric motor assembly, wherein the actuator movement is preferably in lockstep with the hydraulic motor-pump and electric motor-generator combination. Torque in the electric motor is instantaneously controlled by a controller to create an immediate force change on the hydraulic actuator. The hydraulic actuator is configured so that it can be used as a strut whereby the actuator has sufficient structural rigidity to carry the applied suspension loads while capable of supplying damper forces in at least three quadrants of the force velocity graph of the suspension actuator operation. Embodiments disclosed include low cost active suspension systems for a MacPherson strut application.
1. An actuator for a vehicle suspension system, comprising:
a hydraulic motor-pump with a first port and a second port;
a valve, selected from the group consisting of a passive valve and a semi-active valve, fluidly located in parallel or in series with the motor-pump;
an actuator body including an internal volume;
a piston slidably received in the internal volume and that divides at least a portion of the internal volume into an extension volume and a compression volume;
an actuator housing that slidably receives at least a portion of the actuator body;
a piston rod with a first end attached to the piston and a second end attached to the actuator housing, wherein the piston rod includes a first flow conduit and a second flow conduit;
a first flow path that fluidly connects the first port of the motor-pump to the extension volume, wherein the first conduit forms at least a portion of the first flow path; and
a second flow path that fluidly connects the second port of the motor-pump to the compression volume, wherein the second conduit forms at least a portion of the second flow path.
2. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the actuator body and the actuator housing form a strut actuator interposed between a sprung mass and an unsprung mass of the vehicle.
3. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the actuator housing includes an opening at a first end of the housing, wherein the opening receives the at least a portion of the actuator body, and wherein the piston rod is attached to a second end of the actuator housing.
4. The actuator of claim 3 , further comprising a joint disposed between the second end of the piston rod and the second end of the actuator housing, wherein the joint fixedly supports the piston rod at least in an axial direction of the piston rod relative to the actuator housing.
5. The actuator of claim 4 , wherein the joint is radially flexible.
6. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the actuator body and the actuator housing are configured to support forces transverse to a longitudinal axis of the piston rod.
7. The actuator of claim 6 , further comprising at least one bearing disposed between the actuator body and the actuator housing.
8. The actuator of claim 7 , wherein the at least one bearing is at least one of a hydrobearing and a ball bearing.
9. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the first flow path passes through the piston.
10. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the first conduit is cylindrical with a circular cross-section, and wherein the first conduit extends along a longitudinal axis of the piston rod.
11. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the second conduit is annular in shape and at least partially circumferentially surrounds the first conduit.
12. The actuator of claim 1 , further comprising a reservoir that is at least partially filled with a compressible medium, and wherein the reservoir is incorporated in the actuator body.
13. The actuator of claim 12 , wherein the reservoir is separated from the compression volume by a floating piston.
14. The actuator of claim 12 , wherein the compressible medium is a gas.
15. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the actuator housing and the actuator body form a structural member of the suspension system.
16. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is a part of a strut assembly.
17. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the valve is a passive valve.
18. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein the valve is a semi-active valve.