Forged composite inner race for a CVJ
A forged composite inner race for a constant velocity joint is forged from a composite preform compact including a first powder metal material and a second powder metal material. The forged composite inner race includes a plurality of ball tracks formed on an outer section of the forged composite inner race with corresponding lands between adjacent ball tracks and an axially-extending splined opening formed in an inner section of the forged composite inner race. The outer section comprises the first powder metal material in a higher concentration than the second powder metal material and the inner section comprises the second powder metal material in a higher concentration than the first powder metal material.
1. A forged composite inner race for a constant velocity joint forged from a composite preform compact including a first powder metal material and a second powder metal material, the forged composite inner race comprising:
a plurality of ball tracks formed on an outer section of the forged composite inner race with corresponding lands between adjacent ball tracks, the outer section comprising the first powder metal material in a higher concentration than the second powder metal material;
an axially-extending splined opening formed in an inner section of the forged composite inner race, the inner section comprising the second powder metal material in a higher concentration than the first powder metal material; and
a variable boundary profile formed between the outer section and the inner section in which a radial distance from an axis of rotation of the forged composite inner race to the variable boundary profile varies over an axial length of the forged composite inner race.
2. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein the first powder metal material of the outer section has greater hardness than the second powder metal material of the inner section.
3. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein the first powder metal material has a greater hardenability than the second powder metal material.
4. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein the first powder metal material has a higher carbon content than the second powder metal material.
5. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein the composite preform compact is carburized to provide an essentially constant case depth in an outer surface of a composite preform compact and then the composite preform compact is forged into the forged composite inner race thereby producing a case depth that is greater in the ball tracks than the lands in the forged composite inner race.
6. The forged composite inner race of claim 5 , wherein at least a portion of a pre-forged core of the composite preform compact is masked to avoid carburizing such that a resultant case depth in an outer surface exceeds a resultant case depth in a masked portion of the pre-forged core.
7. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein the variable boundary profile is formed in the plurality of ball tracks.
8. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein the variable boundary profile is formed by variably enhancing the flow between different portions of the composite preform compact during a step of forging the composite preform compact into the forged composite inner race.
9. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein, during forging of the composite preform compact to form the forged composite inner race, some portions of the composite preform compact are stretched and thinned and other portions of the preform are thickened and deepened to create the variable boundary profile.
10. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein, in the composite preform compact, the first powder metal material at least partially forms an outer surface in a higher concentration than the second powder metal material and the second powder metal material at least partially forms a pre-forged core in a higher concentration than the first powder metal material.
11. The forged composite inner race of claim 1 , wherein the composite preform compact is sintered and forged to form the forged composite powder metal part in which the forged composite powder metal part has the outer section comprising the first powder metal material in a higher concentration than the second powder metal material, the outer section having the plurality of ball tracks in at least a portion thereof which are forged therein, and the inner section comprising the second powder metal material in a higher concentration than the first powder metal material.
12. The forged composite inner race of claim 11 , wherein the composite preform compact includes a plurality of pre-forged ball tracks in an outer surface of the compaction preform compact that are formed during a step of compaction which forms the composite preform compact and wherein, during subsequent forging, the plurality of pre-forged ball tracks in the outer surface of the compaction preform compact are formed into the plurality of the ball tracks with lands therebetween on the outer section of the composite powder metal part.
13. The forged composite inner race of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of ball tracks are further machined after being forged.
14. The forged composite inner race of claim 11 , wherein the inner section is cold sized to provide a splined area in axially-extending splined opening of the inner section.