Composite articles with dielectric layer
A composite article useful in various electronic devices has 1) a dry piezoelectric layer (first dry PL) comprising a piezoelectric material, and 2) one or more dry dielectric layers arranged contiguously with opposing surfaces of the first dry PL. The dry dielectric layer has essentially: (a′) a dielectric material; and (b) particles having a Young's modulus that is different from the Young's modulus of the (a′) dielectric material by at least 10%. The (b) particles have a d50 of at least 500 nm and up to and including 500 m and a polydispersity coefficient that is less than or equal to 3, provided that the weight ratio of the (b) particles to the (a′) dielectric material is at least 0.01:1 and up to and including 10:1.
1. A composite article comprising:
1) a first dry piezoelectric layer (first dry PL) comprising a piezoelectric material and having first and second opposing surfaces, and
2) one or more dry dielectric layers arranged contiguously with at least one of the first and second opposing surfaces of the first dry PL, wherein at least one dry dielectric layer (dry DL-P) consists essentially of:
(a′) a dielectric material; and
(b) particles distributed within the (a′) dielectric material, the (b) particles having a Young's modulus that is different from the Young's modulus of the (a′) dielectric material by at least 10%, and which (b) particles have a d50 of at least 500 nm and up to and including 500 μm and a polydispersity coefficient that is less than or equal to 3, provided that the weight ratio of the (b) particles to the (a′) dielectric material is at least 0.01:1 and up to and including 10:1; and
optionally, the at least one dry DL-P further including a (c) binder material that is non-electrically-conductive and has a weight average molecular weight of at least 5,000.
2. The composite article of claim 1 , further comprising a dry electrically-conductive layer containing no (b) particles (dry ECL) arranged contiguously between the first dry PL and the at least one dry DL-P, provided that when the dry ECL is arranged contiguously with an insulating substrate, it exhibits a resistivity of less than 10,000 ohms-cm.
3. The composite article of claim 1 , wherein the (b) particles are composed of one or more polymeric materials.
4. The composite article of claim 1 , wherein the (c) binder material is present and comprises one or more polyurethanes, acrylate polymers, polyvinyl acetals, or polyacrylate precursors to an acrylate polymer.
5. The composite article of claim 1 , wherein the at least one dry DL-P is arranged contiguously with the first opposing surface of the first dry PL.
6. The composite article of claim 5 , further comprising a first dry electrically-conductive layer containing no (b) particles (first dry ECL), which first dry ECL is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL.
7. The composite article of claim 6 , further comprising a second dielectric layer containing (b) particles (second dry DL-P) that is arranged contiguously with the first dry ECL that is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL.
8. The composite article of claim 5 , further comprising a second dry dielectric layer containing (b) particles (second dry DL-P) that is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL.
9. The composite article of claim 8 , further comprising a first electrically-conductive layer without (b) particles (first dry ECL) that is arranged contiguously with the second dry DL-P that is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL.
10. The composite article of claim 1 , wherein the at least one dry DL-P is arranged contiguously with the first surface of the first dry PL, and further comprising a first dry electrically-conductive containing no (b) particles (first dry ECL), which first dry ECL is arranged contiguously with the at least one dry DL-P that is arranged contiguously with the first surface of the first dry PL.
11. The composite article of claim 10 , further comprising a second dry electrically-conductive layer containing no (b) particles (second dry ECL) that is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL.
12. The composite article of claim 10 , further comprising a second dry dielectric layer containing (b) particles (second dry DL-P) that is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL.
13. The composite article of claim 12 , further comprising a second dry electrically-conductive layer containing no (b) particles (second dry ECL) that is arranged contiguously with the second dry DL-P that is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL.
14. The composite article of claim 1 , comprising a first dry electrically-conductive layer containing no (b) particles (first dry ECL), which first dry ECL is arranged contiguously with the first surface of the dry PL, and the at least one dry DL-P is arranged contiguously with the first dry ECL.
15. The composite article of claim 1 , further comprising a transparent polymeric outermost protective layer disposed over the at least one dry DL-P.
16. The composite article of claim 1 , wherein the (b) particles have a polydispersity coefficient that is less than or equal to 1.5.
17. The composite article of claim 1 , wherein the first dry PL comprises beta phase polyvinylidene fluoride.
18. The composite article of claim 1 , further comprising a dry electrically conductive layer containing (b) particles (dry ECL-P).
19. The composite article of claim 1 , wherein the electrically-conductive layer comprises electrically-conductive silver nanoparticles.
20. The composite article of claim 1 , further comprising a second dry piezoelectric layer (second dry PL) comprising a piezoelectric material, which second dry PL is arranged contiguously with an electrically-conductive layer that is arranged between the first dry PL and the second dry PL.