Galleryless short compression insulated steel piston
A steel piston for coupling to a connecting rod and wrist pin is provided. The piston includes a body with an upper crown presenting a combustion surface for exposure to a combustion chamber. The upper crown presents an undercrown surface which is openly exposed as viewed from an underside of the piston and not bounded by a cooling gallery. The body includes a ring belt and pin bosses depending from the ring belt and presenting a pin bore for receiving the wrist pin. The body also includes ribs disposed along the undercrown surface. The body includes a ratio of compression height to outer diameter (CH/D) ranging from 34.8% to 42.0%. The piston also includes a low heat transfer coating on the combustion surface, and the low heat transfer coating has a thermal conductivity of about 0.20 to 0.80 W/m·K.
1. A piston, comprising:
a body formed of steel,
said body including an upper crown presenting a combustion surface for exposure to a combustion chamber,
said upper crown presenting an undercrown surface disposed opposite said combustion surface,
said undercrown surface being openly exposed as viewed from an underside of the piston and not bounded by a cooling gallery
said body including a ring belt depending from said combustion surface,
said body including pin bosses depending from said ring belt and presenting a pin bore for receiving a wrist pin,
said body including ribs disposed along said undercrown surface,
said body including a ratio of compression height to outer diameter (CH/D) ranging from 34.8% to 42.0%,
said compression height being equal to a distance between a pin bore axis of said pin bore and said combustion surface,
said outer diameter being the largest outer diameter of said body,
a low heat transfer coating disposed on said combustion surface, and
said low heat transfer coating having a thermal conductivity of about 0.20 to 0.80 W/m·K.
2. The piston of claim 1 , wherein said pin bosses are disposed at an outer periphery of said piston and spaced from one another by an open area located along said undercrown surface.
3. The piston of claim 1 , wherein said compression height ranges from 48.4 mm to 58 mm.
4. The piston of claim 1 including a saddle depending from said undercrown surface of said upper crown between said pin bosses, and said saddle extending partially around said pin bore axis.
5. The piston of claim 4 , wherein said saddle includes a pair of extensions depending from said undercrown surface, and each extension presents a round surface matching a round surface of said pin bore.
6. The piston of claim 5 , wherein a distance (d) between said combustion surface and a base of said saddle ranges from 48 mm to 51 mm, said base of said saddle is located at the center of said round surface.
7. The piston of claim 6 , wherein a ratio of said distance between said combustion surface and said base of said saddle to said outer diameter of said piston (d/D) ranges from 34.8% to 36.7%.
8. The piston of claim 5 , wherein a pair of said ribs extend from each extension of said saddle to said ring belt, two of said ribs extend from opposite sides of said pin bore of one of said extensions of said saddle toward said ring belt, two of said ribs extend from opposite sides of said pin bore of the other one of said extensions of said saddle toward said ring belt, and each rib converges toward another one of said ribs extending from the other extension.
9. The piston of claim 1 , wherein a pair of said ribs extend along said pin bore axis.
10. The piston of claim 1 including skirt panels depending from said ring belt and located diametrically opposite one another, and said skirt panels are fabricated as one integral piece with the remaining sections of said piston body.
11. The piston of claim 1 , wherein said body of said piston is a single piece.
12. The piston of claim 1 , wherein said low heat transfer coating includes an insulating layer and a catalytic layer, and said low heat transfer coating has a total thickness of from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.
13. The piston of claim 1 , wherein said low heat transfer coating includes an insulating layer including cerium stabilized zirconia, and a catalytic portion or layer including rhodium, platinum, palladium, or a combination thereof.
14. The piston of claim 1 , wherein said low heat transfer coating includes an insulating layer, a sealant layer disposed on said insulating layer, and a catalytic layer disposed on said sealant layer.
15. A method of manufacturing a piston, comprising the steps of:
providing a body formed of steel, the body including an upper crown presenting a combustion surface for exposure to a combustion chamber, the upper crown presenting an undercrown surface disposed opposite the combustion surface, the undercrown surface being openly exposed as viewed from an underside of the piston and not bounded by a cooling gallery, the body including a ring belt depending from the combustion surface, the body including pin bosses depending from the ring belt and presenting a pin bore for receiving a wrist pin, the body including ribs disposed along the undercrown surface, the body including a ratio of compression height to outer diameter (CH/D) ranging from 34.8% to 42.0%, the compression height being equal to a distance between a pin bore axis of the pin bore and the combustion surface, the outer diameter being the largest outer diameter of the body, and
applying a low heat transfer coating on the combustion surface, the low heat transfer coating having a thermal conductivity of about 0.20 to 0.80 W/m·K.
16. A piston assembly, comprising:
a connecting rod extending over a length from a large end with a first bore for coupling to a journal of a crankshaft to an opposite small end,
a piston including a body formed of steel,
said body including an upper crown presenting a combustion surface for exposure to a combustion chamber,
said upper crown presenting an undercrown surface disposed opposite said combustion surface,
said undercrown surface being openly exposed as viewed from an underside of said piston and not bounded by a cooling gallery,
said body including a ring belt depending from said combustion surface,
said body including pin bosses depending from said ring belt and presenting a pin bore,
said body including ribs disposed along said undercrown surface,
said body including a ratio of compression height to outer diameter (CH/D) ranging from 34.8% to 42.0%,
said compression height being equal to a distance between a pin bore axis of said pin bore and said combustion surface,
said outer diameter being the largest outer diameter of said body,
a low heat transfer coating disposed on said combustion surface,
said low heat transfer coating having a thermal conductivity of about 0.20 to 0.80 W/m·K, and
a wrist pin received in said pin bore of said piston and attached to said small end of said connecting rod.
17. The assembly of claim 16 , wherein a ratio of said compression height of said piston to said length of said connecting rod (CH/L) is 15.5 to 19.4.
18. The assembly of claim 16 , wherein said connecting rod includes an oil passage extending over said length, said wrist pin and said connecting rod are fixed to one another by fasteners, said wrist pin is rotatable no more than 15 degrees in each direction, said wrist pin includes opposite ends with recesses extending therein, and said wrist pin includes a through hole allowing oil to flow therein.
19. The assembly of claim 16 , wherein said length of said connecting rod is from 301 mm to 311 mm.
20. A method of manufacturing a piston assembly, comprising the steps of:
providing a connecting rod extending over a length from a large end with a first bore for coupling to a journal of a crankshaft to an opposite small end,
providing a piston including a body formed of steel, the body including an upper crown presenting a combustion surface for exposure to a combustion chamber, the upper crown presenting an undercrown surface disposed opposite the combustion surface, the undercrown surface being openly exposed as viewed from an underside of the piston and not bounded by a cooling gallery, the body including a ring belt depending from the combustion surface, the body including pin bosses depending from the ring belt and presenting a pin bore, the body including ribs disposed along the undercrown surface, the body including a ratio of compression height to outer diameter (CH/D) ranging from 34.8% to 42.0%, the compression height being equal to a distance between a pin bore axis of the pin bore and the combustion surface, the outer diameter being the largest outer diameter of the body, the piston including a low heat transfer coating disposed on the combustion surface, the low heat transfer coating having a thermal conductivity of about 0.20 to 0.80 W/m·K,
disposing a wrist pin in the pin bore of the piston, and
attaching the wrist pin to the small end of the connecting rod.