Three-dimensional printing system and equipment assembly

1. A three-dimensional printing equipment assembly comprising:

a conveyor system that conducts a plurality of build modules, wherein each build module of the plural build modules comprises a body comprising an upper surface and a plurality of receptacles, and a plurality of height adjustable platforms, each height adjustable platform disposed and vertically displaceable within a receptacle of the plurality of receptacles for forming a cavity within the receptacle;

at least one powder layering system that forms one or more layers of powder into the cavity of each receptacle of the plurality of receptacles of each build module of the plural build modules;

at least one binding fluid application system that deposits a binding fluid onto the one or more layers of powder formed in the cavity of the one or more receptacles, to form an incremental printed layer within the cavity of the one or more receptacles; and

at least one punch system comprising at least one upper punch adapted to be lowered to and vertically displaced within the one or more receptacles, the at least one punch system adapted to translate, compress, mark and/or shape the layers of powder or incremental printed layers within the cavity of the one or more receptacles.

2. The equipment assembly of claim 1 further comprising:

(a) a drying system and (b) a discharge system or article transfer system.

3. The equipment assembly of claim 1 , wherein: a) the receptacle receives a powder when in the powder layering system to form a powder layer in the receptacle; b) the binding fluid application system is adapted to deposit binding fluid to the layers of powder to form respective incremental printed layers in the receptacle; and c) the punch system is adapted to punch either the powder layer or the incremental printed layer, wherein the punching may result in translating, compressing, marking and/or shaping of the powder layer or incremental printed layer.

4. The equipment assembly of claim 1 , wherein during operation of the assembly the receptacle moves: a) from the powder layering system to the binding fluid application system and then to the punch system; b) from the powder layering system to the punch system and then to the binding fluid application system; or c) from the powder layering system to the binding fluid application system then back to the powder layering system and then to the punch system.

5. A three-dimensional printing equipment assembly comprising:

a) a three-dimensional printing build system comprising:

a conveyor system that conducts plural build modules and comprises positioning-controller and plural build module engagements;

plural build modules engaged with the conveyor system, wherein the build modules are adapted to receive and temporarily retain powder from a powder layering system, and wherein a build module comprises: 1) a body comprising an upper surface and a plurality of receptacles, each receptacle comprising one or more sidewalls; and 2) a plurality of incrementally height adjustable platforms (lower punches), each incrementally height adjustable platform disposed within one of the plurality of receptacles to define a cavity therein;

at least one build station comprising: 1) at least one powder layering system that forms incremental powder layers within the cavities of the plurality of receptacles and comprises at least one powder fill head, at least one powder spreader and at least one powder reservoir; and 2) at least one printing system that applies a liquid according to at least one predetermined pattern to the incremental powder layers within the cavities of the plurality of receptacles, and comprises at least one liquid feed system and at least one print head that deposits liquid according to the at least one predetermined pattern; and

at least one punch system comprising at least one upper punch;

wherein the conveyor system repeatedly transports the plural build modules from the at least one powder layering system to the at least one printing system,

whereby the three-dimensional printing build system: 1) forms at least one incremental printed layer per build lap in a build module; 2) forms a single three-dimensionally printed article per build cycle in a build module; or 3) forms plural three-dimensionally printed articles per build cycle in a build module; or 4) forms a three-dimensionally printed bed comprising one or more three-dimensionally printed articles and, optionally, unbound or only partially bound powder that has not been printed upon per build cycle in a build module.

6. The three-dimensional printing equipment assembly of claim 5 further comprising at least one liquid removal system that removes liquid from: 1) one or more incremental printed layers of an in-process incompletely formed three-dimensionally printed article; 2) one or more three-dimensionally printed articles after printing thereof; or 3) one or more three-dimensionally printed beds.

7. The equipment assembly of claim 1 , wherein the conveyor system comprises a conveyor that is selected from the group consisting of a staged conveyor, turret assembly, belt conveyor, wheel conveyor, roller conveyor, chain conveyor, wire mesh conveyor, plate conveyor, slat conveyor, magnetic conveyor, bucket conveyor, or cart-on-track conveyor.

8. The equipment assembly of claim 7 , wherein the turret assembly comprises a removable upper disc comprising plural receptacles and a lower disc comprising plural incrementally height adjustable platforms vertically aligned with respective receptacles of the upper disc.

9. The equipment assembly of claim 7 further comprising a turret disc replacement system.

10. The equipment assembly of claim 1 further comprising: a) at least one layer drying system for in-process drying of an incremental printed layer after formation thereof; and/or b) at least one article drying system for drying of 3DP articles after completion of formation thereof.

11. The equipment assembly of claim 1 , wherein: a) the equipment assembly further comprises a conveyor system adapted to conduct plural build modules; b) the equipment assembly further comprises at least one article drying system that receives one or more 3DP articles and removes liquid there from; c) the build system further comprises at least one layer drying system that removes liquid from one or more incremental layers prior to completion of a build cycle; d) the equipment assembly further comprises an article transfer system that transfers 3DP articles, one or more at a time, away from the three-dimensional printing build system; e) the equipment assembly further comprises a dedusting system that removes loose particles from 3DP articles; f) the equipment assembly further comprises one or more control systems; or g) the equipment assembly further comprises one or more inspection systems.

12. The equipment assembly of claim 1 , wherein: a) the conveyor system is adapted to repeatedly transport the build modules between the at least one powder layering system, the at least one binding fluid application system and the at least one punch system to form at least one article within a build module; b) the conveyor system is adapted to repeatedly transport the build modules between the at least one powder layering system, the at least one binding fluid application system, the at least one layer drying system and the at least one punch system to form at least one article within a build module; c) the conveyor system is adapted to repeatedly transport the build modules between the at least one powder layering system and the at least one binding fluid application system to form at least one article within a build module; or d) a combination thereof.

13. The equipment assembly of claim 1 further comprising at least one liquid removal system that removes liquid from: 1) one or more incremental printed layers of an in-process incompletely formed three-dimensionally printed article; 2) one or more three-dimensionally printed articles after printing thereof; or 3) one or more three-dimensionally printed beds.

14. The equipment assembly of claim 5 , wherein the conveyor system comprises a conveyor that is selected from the group consisting of a staged conveyor, turret assembly, belt conveyor, wheel conveyor, roller conveyor, chain conveyor, wire mesh conveyor, plate conveyor, slat conveyor, magnetic conveyor, bucket conveyor, or cart-on-track conveyor.

15. The equipment assembly of claim 2 , wherein during operation of the assembly the receptacle moves from the powder layering system to the binding fluid application system to the drying system and then to the punch system.

16. The equipment assembly of claim 2 , wherein the conveyor system is adapted to repeatedly transport the at least one build module between the at least one powder layering system, the at least one binding fluid deposition system, the at least one layer drying system and the at least one punch system to form at least one article within the at least one build module.