LOW REACTIVITY CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE SHAPED ARTICLE
It has now been discovered that a shaped article containing calcium hypochlorite has low reactivity in handling, storage and transportation as well as has a favorable dissolution (solubility) profile, when the shaped article contains lime and a hydrated magnesium sulfate. The shaped article has a NFPA rating of Class 1 oxidizer and is a non-Division 5.1 oxidizer.
1 . A shaped article comprising
(i) calcium hypochlorite having an available chlorine content above 65%;
(ii) lime, in an amount which results in the shaped article having a total lime content of greater than 10% by weight; and
(iii) a hydrated magnesium sulfate;
wherein the shaped article contains at least 16% by weight of water derived from the components of the shaped article, based on the total weight of the shaped article, and the shaped article has a NFPA class 1 oxidizer rating and a non-Division 5.1 oxidizer rating.
2 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , wherein the shaped article is a unitary structure formed from a blend of the calcium hypochlorite, the lime, and the hydrated magnesium sulfate.
3 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , wherein the shaped article comprises layered structure, having at least a first layer and a second layer, the first layer and the second layer each a first surface and opposite second surface, wherein the first surface of the first layer is in contact with the first surface of the second layer, and wherein the first layer comprises a blend of the calcium hypochlorite and the lime; and the second layer comprises the hydrated magnesium sulfate.
4 . The shaped article according to claim 3 , further comprising a third layer, wherein the third layer has a first surface, wherein the first surface of the third layer is in contact the second surface of the first layer, such that the first layer is between the second and third layers.
5 . The shaped article according to claim 4 , wherein the first layer has an outer edge and the outer edge is not covered with hydrated magnesium sulfate.
6 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , wherein the available chlorine in the calcium hypochlorite is greater than 70%.
7 . The shaped article according to claim 6 , wherein the available chlorine in the calcium hypochlorite is between about 75% by weight and 85% by weight.
8 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrated magnesium sulfate comprises magnesium sulfate tetrahydrate, magnesium sulfate pentahydrate, magnesium sulfate hexahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate or a combination thereof.
9 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , wherein the calcium hypochlorite is hydrated.
10 . The shaped article according to claim 8 , wherein the hydrated magnesium sulfate comprises between 15% and up to 40% by weight of the shaped article and the calcium hypochlorite comprises at least 50% by weight of the shaped article and the lime is present in an amount greater than 10% by weight up to about 20% by weight of the shaped article.
11 . The shaped article according to claim 10 , wherein the hydrated magnesium sulfate comprises between 20% and up to 35% by weight of the shaped article and the calcium hypochlorite comprises at least 55 and about 70% by weight of the shaped article and the lime is present in an amount greater than 10% by weight up to about 16% by weight of the shaped article.
12 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , wherein the water content of the shaped article is at least 18% by weight.
13 . The shaped article according to claim 12 , wherein the water content is between 18% and 28% by weight.
14 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , further comprising an additive.
15 . The shaped article according to claim 14 , wherein the additive comprises a water-soluble zinc salt, a hydrate of a water-soluble zinc salt, a scale inhibiting agent, a pigment, a dye, a binder, a lubricant, a color-containing salt or a mixture of two or more of these additives.
16 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , wherein the shaped article is formed from a blend of the calcium hypochlorite, the lime, and the hydrated magnesium sulfate; the calcium hypochlorite is hydrated and has an available chlorine content between about 75% by weight and 85% by weight; the hydrated magnesium sulfate comprises magnesium sulfate tetrahydrate, magnesium sulfate pentahydrate, magnesium sulfate hexahydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate or a combination thereof; and the water content of the blend is between 18% and 28% by weight.
17 . The shaped article according to claim 16 , wherein the hydrated magnesium sulfate comprises between 20% and up to 35% by weight of the shaped article and the calcium hypochlorite comprises at least 55 and about 70% by weight of the shaped article and the lime is present in an amount greater than 10% by weight up to about 16% by weight of the shaped article.
18 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , wherein the shaped article is in the form of tablets, bricks, briquettes, pellets, or an extrusion.
19 . The shaped article according to claim 16 , wherein the shaped article is in the form of tablets, bricks, briquettes, pellets, or an extrusion.
20 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , having a total weight between 1 and 500 grams.
21 . The shaped article according to claim 1 , having a dissolution rate such that the shaped article in the form of a tablet dissolves in a range of 3 to 14 days.
22 . A method of treating water, said method comprising providing a shaped article according to claim 1 and contacting the water to be treated with the shaped article.
23 . The method according to claim 22 , wherein the water to be treated is a pool or a spa.
24 . A method of disinfecting or sanitizing water, said method comprising providing a shaped article according to claim 1 and contacting the water to be disinfected or treated with the shaped article.
25 . The method of claim 24 , wherein the water to be treated is contacted with the shaped article by placing the shaped article in a skimmer of a swimming pool.
26 . The method of claim 24 , wherein the water to be treated is contacted with the shaped article by placing the shaped article in a chlorine feeder and the water to be treated is contacted with the shaped article within the chlorine feeder.
27 . The method of claim 24 , wherein the water to be treated is contacted with the shaped article by placing the shaped article in a floater which floats in the water to be treated, and water enters the floater to contact the shaped article.