Achieving electromagnetic interference shielding protection by deposition of highly conductive compositions
Provided herein are highly conductive compositions (having a volume resistivity no greater than 1×10 −3 Ohms·cm) using silver flake, powder or suspension in solvent for electromagnetic interference (EMI) applications. This high conductivity will allow the use of very thin films for EMI shielding protection, which in turn will be helpful to reduce package sizes. In some embodiments, the coating composition is applied on the device surface by suitable means, e.g., by an electrostatic spray process, air spray process, ultrasonic spray process, spin coating process, or the like.
1. An electrically conductive sinterable composition comprising:
in the range of about 10 up to about 98.99 wt % of a particulate, conductive filler;
in the range of about 0.01 up to about 40 wt % of an organic matrix; and
in the range of about 1 up to about 80 wt % of an organic diluent;
wherein:
said particulate, conductive filler is selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, platinum, palladium, nickel, aluminum, indium, alloy of nickel, alloy of zinc, alloy of iron, alloy of indium, silver-plated copper, silver-plated aluminum, bismuth, tin, bismuth-tin alloy, silver-plated fiber, silver-plated graphite, silver-plated silicon carbide, silver-plated boron nitride, silver-plated diamond, silver-plated alumina, silver-plated nickel-cadmium alloy, cadmium and alloys of cadmium, lead and alloys of lead, antimony and alloys of antimony, and mixtures of any two or more thereof; and said particulate, conductive filler has a particle size in the range of about 1 nm up to about 50 μm;
said organic matrix comprises at least one thermoplastic and/or at least one thermoset resin; and
said organic diluent has a boiling point approximate to a sintering temperature of the particulate, conductive filler, and is selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons ethers, polyols, esters, dibasic esters, alpha-terpineol, beta-terpineol, kerosene, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, butyl acetate, butyl cellosolve, dibutylphthalate, butyl carbitol, butyl carbitol acetate, carbitol acetate, ethyl carbitol acetate, hexylene glycol, alcohols, ethers and esters thereof, glycol ethers, ketones, amides, heteroaromatic compounds, as well as mixtures of any two or more thereof; and
wherein said composition, upon exposure to an elevated temperature no greater than about 250° C. is sintered, and:
provides electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) protection of at least 20 dB for electronic packages,
has a volume resistivity less than 1×10 −3 Ohms·cm when said composition is applied to a suitable three-dimensional substrate at a thickness of less than 25 μm, and
has good adhesion to said substrate.
2. The composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more flow additives, adhesion promoters, rheology modifiers, toughening agents, fluxing agents, film flexibilizers, phenol-novolac hardeners, epoxy-curing catalysts, curing agents, as well as mixtures of any two or more thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein up to 100 wt % of the particulate, conductive filler has a particle size in the range of about 2-1000 nanometers, and an average particle size in the range of about 2-1000 nm, and the remaining particulate, conductive filler has a particle size no greater than 50 microns.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein up to 100 wt % of the particulate, conductive filler has a particle size no greater than 50 microns, and an average particle size in the range of about 1-25 μm.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein said organic matrix comprises at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, phenoxies, polyethyloxyazoline, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyglycol, and polyacrylic acid; poly(ethylene glycol), an aromatic vinyl polymer, flexible epoxy, polymer with epoxy functional groups, Poly carbonate, ABS, PC/ABS alloys, nylon, inherently conductive polymer, silicone polymer, siloxane polymer, rubbers, polyolefins, vinyls polymer, polyamides, fluoropolymers polyphenylene ethers, co-polyestercarbonates, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers, polyarylate ether sulfones or ketones, polyamide imides, polyetherimides, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(1,4-butylene terephthalate), polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polypropylene-EPDM blends, butadienes, styrene-butadienes, nitriles, chlorosulfonates, neoprenes, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers, polyetheresters, styrene/acrylonitrile polymer, polyphenylene sulfide, nitrile rubbers, cellulose resin, as well as mixtures of any two or more thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein said organic matrix comprises at least one thermoset resin selected from the group consisting of epoxies, acrylates, maleimides, nadimides, itaconimides, cyanate esters, oxetanes, polyurethanes, polyimides, melamines, urea-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, as well as mixtures of any two or more thereof.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein exposure to an elevated temperature is effective to dry said composition.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein exposure to an elevated temperature is effective to cure said composition.
9. A film comprising the reaction product obtained by drying, curing and/or sintering a thickness of at least 1 μm, but less than 25 μm of the composition of claim 1 .
10. The film of claim 9 wherein the thickness of said composition is less than 10 μm.
11. The film of claim 9 wherein the thickness of said composition is less than 5 μm.
12. An article comprising a film according to claim 9 adhered to a suitable substrate therefor.
13. The article of claim 12 , wherein the adhesion between said film and said substrate is at least level 1B, as determined by ASTM standard cross-cut tape test pursuant to test method D 3359-97.
14. An article comprising a substrate having a substantially uniform coating of the composition of claim 1 on all exposed surfaces thereof.
15. The article of claim 14 wherein said substrate is coated on the top and any side walls thereof.
16. The article of claim 14 wherein said composition has been dried, cured and/or sintered.
17. A method for preparing a conductive film which imparts electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) protection to an electronic component, said method comprising:
applying a composition according to claim 1 to said electronic component, and
drying, curing and/or sintering the composition.
18. A method for imparting electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) protection to an electronic component, said method comprising:
applying a composition according to claim 1 to said electronic component, and
drying, curing and/or sintering the composition.
19. A method for preparing a conductive network, said method comprising:
applying a composition according to claim 1 to a suitable substrate in a predefined pattern, and thereafter
drying, curing and/or sintering said composition.
20. A conductive network prepared by the method of claim 19 .
21. The conductive network of claim 20 having a volume resistivity of no greater than 1×10 −3 Ohms·cm.