Phase modulated optical waveguide
System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to a photonic apparatus. The photonic apparatus including a phase shifter that modulates a light wave propagated within the phase shifter by progressively shifting a phase of the light wave along a length of the phase shifter. The photonic apparatus includes optical outputs operably connected with the phase shifter at intervals along the length of the phase shifter. The optical outputs provide the light wave with different phases according to the intervals at which the optical outputs are spaced on the phase shifter.
1. A photonic apparatus, comprising:
a phase shifter that modulates a light wave propagated within the phase shifter by progressively shifting a phase of the light wave along a length of the phase shifter; and
optical outputs operably connected with the phase shifter at intervals along the length of the phase shifter, the optical outputs providing the light wave with different phases from the phase shifter that is a continuous waveguide and according to the intervals at which the optical outputs are spaced on the phase shifter in order to provide multiple outputs of the light wave at the different phases that are distinct from the phase shifter.
2. The photonic apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a heater that produces thermal energy and applies the thermal energy along the length of the phase shifter according to a thermal profile.
3. The photonic apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising:
control circuitry operably connected with the heater and controlling the heater to produce an amount of the thermal energy as a function of an amount of phase shift that is to be induced within the light wave between the intervals, wherein the thermal profile indicates the amount of the thermal energy that is applied to induce a constant phase shift along the length.
4. The photonic apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the heater is disposed proximate to the phase shifter.
5. The photonic apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the heater is integrated within the phase shifter.
6. The photonic apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the heater dynamically controls the phase shifter to adjust an extent of phase shift induced in the phase of the light wave by varying an amount of the thermal energy applied to the phase shifter.
7. The photonic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the phase shifter is an optical waveguide with integrated n-type and p-type doped regions within the optical waveguide to induce a continuous phase shift along the optical waveguide in a phase of the light wave when a bias current is applied to the phase shifter.
8. The photonic apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a source optical waveguide operably connected with a light source that provides the light wave over the source optical waveguide, wherein the phase shifter progressively shifts the light wave by continuously modulating the light wave according to a constant amount of phase shift along the length to provide the light wave with a distinct phase at successive locations along the length.
9. The photonic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the photonic apparatus is integrated within a phased array light detection and ranging (LIDAR) device, wherein the optical outputs are evanescently coupled to the phase shifter to couple the light wave from the phase shifter while avoiding attenuating the light wave, and wherein the optical outputs are operably connected with a phased array antenna of the LIDAR device to emit a beam of light in a selected direction.
10. The photonic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the continuous waveguide of the phase shifter is an optical waveguide that is thermo-optically controlled to have a thermal profile along the length that provides for a constant change in the phase of the light wave as the light wave propagates along the phase shifter.
11. An optical device, comprising:
an optical waveguide operably connected with a light source, the optical waveguide modulating a light wave from the light source, the optical waveguide being a continuous waveguide;
optical outputs operably connected with the optical waveguide at intervals along a length of the optical waveguide, the optical outputs coupling the light wave from the optical waveguide at the intervals to produce a plurality of light waves with different characteristics including at least different phases that are distinct at respective ones of the optical outputs and as a function of the modulating by the optical waveguide; and
a heater that produces thermal energy and applies the thermal energy to the optical waveguide.
12. The optical device of claim 11 , wherein the different characteristics are distinct phases between the plurality of light waves, wherein the optical waveguide is a phase shifter that progressively modulates the light wave by continuously shifting a phase of the light wave along a length of the optical waveguide, and
wherein the optical waveguide produces a distinct phase of the light wave at successive ones of the intervals associated with the optical outputs to generate the plurality of light waves.
13. The optical device of claim 12 , wherein the phase shifter modulates the light wave according to a thermal profile that indicates an amount of the thermal energy that is applied to induce a constant phase shift along the length.
14. The optical device of claim 11 , further comprising:
control circuitry operably connected with the heater and dynamically controlling the heater to produce an amount of the thermal energy as a function of an amount of phase shift that is to be induced within the light wave between the intervals.
15. The optical device of claim 11 , wherein the optical outputs are evanescently coupled to the optical waveguide to couple the light wave from the optical waveguide while avoiding attenuating the light wave.
16. The optical device of claim 11 , wherein the heater is integrated with the optical waveguide and includes n-type and p-type doped regions within the optical waveguide to generate a thermal profile along the optical waveguide that continuously shifts a phase of the light wave between the intervals at which the optical outputs are spaced.
17. A method for dynamically controlling a continuous phase shifter, comprising:
in response to an electronic control signal that indicates a requested direction in which to steer a beam of light, adjusting, using a heater operably connected with the continuous phase shifter, an amount of thermal energy provided to the continuous phase shifter that is a continuous waveguide;
continuously modulating a phase of a light wave as the light wave propagates along a length of the continuous phase shifter as a function of the thermal energy to provide the light wave having different phases along the length; and
coupling, from the continuous phase shifter via optical outputs spaced at intervals along the continuous phase shifter, a plurality of distinct waves with distinct phases that are the different phases formed by the optical outputs coupling the light wave at the intervals from the continuous phase shifter.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein continuously modulating the light wave includes progressively modulating a phase of the light wave according to a constant amount of phase shift induced by the continuous phase shifter as the light wave propagates along the continuous phase shifter.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein adjusting the amount of thermal energy changes a refractive index of the continuous phase shifter.
20. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
emitting the distinct waves from a photonic device to generate the beam of light that is directed in the requested direction.