Composite column for use in high pressure liquid chromatography
A multi-walled tube that is useful as an analytical column in which chemical mixtures can be separated into their individual components is described. In order to be acceptable as an analytical column, the inner surface of the multi-walled tube must support effective separation, but not react chemically with or contaminate the solvent or the analyte (sample to be separated). Grade 316 stainless steel is typically preferred for this purpose. Moreover, the inner diameter (ID) surface of the multi-walled column is preferably very smooth (less than 10 micro inch Ra) with no interruptions in the surface such as scratches, pits, or asperities. However, since the column is designed to be attached to chromatographic equipment using standard size connection features, the size of standard fittings define the outer diameter (OD) of the column.
1. A chromatography column, which comprises:
a) an inner tube extending along a longitudinal axis from an inner tube first end to an inner tube second end, wherein an inner lumen defined by an inner annular surface extends through the inner tube to the inner tube first and second ends, and wherein the inner tube has an annular outer surface providing an inner tube outer diameter wherein the inner tube is selected from the group consisting of 316 stainless steel, 316 LVM stainless steel, and pure stainless steel; and
b) an outer tube extending along the longitudinal axis from an outer tube first end to an outer tube second end, wherein an outer lumen defined by outer annular surface extends through the outer tube to the first and second outer tube ends, and wherein the outer tube has an annular outer surface providing an outer tube outer diameter and wherein the outer tube is selected from the group consisting of 304 stainless steel, and 17-7PH stainless steel,
c) wherein the outer lumen through the outer tube is sized to receive the annular outer surface of the inner tube in a snug-fit relationship so that the inner tube resides inside the outer tube.
2. The chromatography column of claim 1 , wherein the inner tube is characterized as having been connected to the outer tube by a cinching process.
3. The chromatography column of claim 1 , wherein the inner tube is connected to the outer tube by a thermal-setting adhesive.
4. The chromatography column of claim 1 , wherein the outer tube is provided with connection features at or adjacent to the outer tube first end and at or adjacent to the outer tube second end.
5. The chromatography column of claim 1 , wherein:
a) the inner tube has an inner tube wall thickness measured between the inner tube lumen and the inner tube outer diameter, and a ratio of the inner tube outer diameter to the inner tube wall thickness (OD:WT) is in a range of 3.5:1 to 6:1; and
b) the outer tube has an outer tube wall thickness measured between the outer tube lumen and the outer tube outer diameter, and a ratio of the outer tube outer diameter to the outer tube wall thickness is in a range of 3.5:1 to 6:1.
6. The chromatography column of claim 1 , wherein the inner lumen of the inner tube has an inner diameter that ranges from 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm.
7. The chromatography column of claim 1 , wherein the inner surface of the inner tube has a surface roughness that is greater than zero, but equal to or less than 16 micro inch Ra.
8. The chromatography column of claim 1 , having a length that ranges from ½ inch to 5 inches.
9. A method for providing a chromatography column, comprising the steps of:
a) providing an inner tube extending along a longitudinal axis from an inner tube first end to an inner tube second end, an inner lumen defined by an inner annular surface extending through the inner tube to the inner tube first and second ends, wherein the inner tube has an annular outer surface providing an inner tube outer diameter and selecting the inner tube from the group consisting of 316 stainless steel, 316 LVM stainless steel, and pure stainless steel;
b) providing an outer tube extending along the longitudinal axis from an outer tube first end to an outer tube second end, an outer lumen defined by an outer annular surface extending through the outer tube to the first and second outer tube ends, wherein the outer tube has an annular outer surface providing an outer tube outer diameter and selecting the outer tube from the group consisting of 304 stainless steel, and 17-7PH stainless steel; and
c) assembling the inner tube residing inside the outer tube to thereby provide the chromatography column.
10. The method of claim 9 , including cinching the inner tube to the outer tube by a cinching process.
11. The method of claim 9 , connecting the inner tube to the outer tube using a thermal-setting adhesive.
12. The method of claim 9 , including providing:
a) the inner tube having an inner tube wall thickness measured between the inner tube lumen and the inner tube outer diameter so that a ratio of the inner tube outer diameter to the inner tube wall thickness (OD:WT) is in a range of 3.5:1 to 6:1; and
b) the outer tube having an outer tube wall thickness measured between the outer tube lumen and the outer tube outer diameter so that a ratio of the outer tube outer diameter to the outer tube wall thickness is in a range of 3.5:1 to 6:1.
13. The method of claim 9 , including providing the inner lumen of the inner tube having an inner diameter that ranges from 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm.
14. The method of claim 9 , including providing the inner surface of the inner tube having a surface roughness that is greater than zero, but equal to or less than 16 micro inch Ra.
15. The method of claim 9 , including providing the chromatography column having a length ranging from ½ inch to 5 inches.